关键矿产地缘博弈:美国在中亚的战略布局、制约因素与影响分析OACHSSCD

Against the backdrop of intensifying strategic competition among major powers,driven by concerns over supply chain security and competitive dynamics vis-à-vis China,the United States has integrated its critical mineral cooperation with Central Asian countries into its national strategic framework.This collaborative momentum stems from three core factors:the U.S.urgent need to diversify supply channels,Central Asia's practical demand for capital and technology,and the external impetus of evolving geopolitical landscapes.With the fundamental goal of safeguarding supply security and the core orientation of consolidating global competitive advantages,the U.S.has established a three-tier cooperation mechanism-focusing on trade in scarce minerals,advancing targeted investments in mineral exploration,development,and processing,and strengthening channel control through alignment with transportation infrastructure initiatives-thereby forming a multi-dimensional cooperative layout.However,the breadth and depth of this cooperation are constrained by multiple challenges:intense external geopolitical competition,inherent limitations of U.S.policy implementation,divergences in core interests between the two sides,and practical hurdles in project execution.This cooperation not only exacerbates global geopolitical rivalry over critical minerals and accelerates supply chain fragmentation but also reinforces Central Asia's resource-dependent economic structure,amplifies ecological risks,and poses challenges to China in areas such as supply chain stability and resource governance discourse.In the short term,this cooperation will gradually expand;in the medium to long term,it will evolve into a pattern of"limited cooperation and pluralistic coexistence."In response to the multifaceted impacts of U.S.-Central Asia cooperation on critical minerals,China should anchor its strategies in the goal of building a China-Central Asia community with a shared future,leverage high-quality Belt and Road cooperation as a pivotal mechanism for targeted policy implementation,strengthen the foundation for collaboration,and infuse win-win momentum into global resource governance.