不同播种滚筒对水稻钵苗播种量及均匀度的影响OA
Effects of Different Seeding Drums on Seeding Quantity and Uniformity of Rice Pot Seedlings
探明不同播种滚筒对水稻钵苗播种量及均匀度的影响,为水稻钵苗播种选择适宜的滚筒提供依据.采用不同播种孔径的 4 种播种滚筒(播种孔直径×深度为 9 mm×4 mm的圆形播种滚筒、播种孔长轴×短轴×深度为 12 mm×9 mm×4 mm的椭圆形播种滚筒、播种孔边长×深度为12 mm×3 mm的小正方形播种滚筒、播种孔边长×深度为 14 mm×3 mm的大正方形播种滚筒),对 15 个水稻品种进行播种试验,分析每个水稻品种粒型结构及其在不同播种滚筒下播种量、漏孔率和均匀度.结果表明:15 个水稻品种的粒长、粒宽和长宽比变幅分别为 7.97～12.23 mm、2.13～3.04 mm和 2.62～5.40.水稻播种的漏孔率随着粒长的增加呈增加的趋势,除了甬优7850 外,其余水稻品种采用圆形播种滚筒和小正方形播种滚筒播种的漏孔率达 6.55%～85.12%,显著高于其他滚筒的播种漏孔率,玉针香在 4 种播种滚筒下漏孔率均高于 7.89%.播种量和播种均匀度随着粒长的增加呈降低的趋势,当粒长变幅为 7.97～9.82 mm时,不同水稻品种采用椭圆形播种滚筒和大正方形播种滚筒的播种量分别为 5.76～8.82 粒·孔-1 和 4.03～5.25 粒·孔-1,播种的均匀度分别为 73.90%～87.31%和 61.40%～75.80%;粒长变幅为 9.97～10.93 mm时,采用椭圆形播种滚筒和大正方形播种滚筒的水稻播种量分别为 3.99～4.74 粒·孔-1 和 2.05～3.25 粒·孔-1,播种均匀度分别为 63.79%～75.60%和 28.78%～68.28%.综合考虑漏孔率、播种量和均匀度,水稻种子粒长在 7.97～9.82 mm时,适宜采用大正方形播种滚筒;粒长为 9.97～10.93 mm时,适宜采用椭圆形播种滚筒;水稻种子单孔播种量为 3～5 粒,漏孔率＜5%,均匀度＞61.40%,适用于水稻钵苗播种;而粒长较长的玉针香在四种播种滚筒下均不能满足适宜钵苗的播种效果,不适用于水稻钵苗播种.
The effects of different seeding drums on the seeding quantity and uniformity of rice pot seedlings were explored to provide a basis for selecting the suitable drums for rice pot seedlings.Four types of sowing drums with different sowing hole diameters(a circular sowing drum with the sowing hole diameter of 9 mm and the depth of 4 mm,an elliptical sowing drum with the major axis of 12 mm,the minor axis of 9 mm and the depth of 4 mm,a small square sowing drum with the side length of 12 mm and the depth of 3 mm,and a large square sowing drum with the side length of 14 mm and the depth of 3 mm)were used to conduct the sowing experiments on 15 rice varieties.The grain shape structure of each rice variety and its sowing amount,leakage rate and uniformity under different sowing drums were analyzed.The results showed that the grain length,grain width and length-width ratio of the 15 rice varieties ranged from 7.97 to 12.23 mm,2.13 to 3.04 mm and 2.62 to 5.40,respectively.The leakage rate of rice sowing increased with the increase of grain length.Except for Yongyou 7850,the leakage rate of other rice varieties sowing with the circular sowing drums and small square sowing drums ranged from 6.55%to 85.12%,which was significantly higher than that of other sowing drums.The leakage rate of Yuzhenxiang in all four sowing drums was higher than 7.89%.The seeding rate and seeding uniformity decreased with the increase of grain length,when the grain length ranged from 7.97 mm to 9.82 mm,the seeding rates of different rice varieties using the elliptical seeding drums and large square seeding drums were 5.76-8.82 grains per hole and 4.03-5.25 grains per hole,respectively,and the seeding uniformity was 73.90%-87.31%and 61.40%-75.80%,respectively.When the grain length ranged from 9.97 mm to 10.93 mm,the sowing rates of rice using the elliptical seeding drums and large square seeding drums were 3.99-4.74 grains per hole and 2.05-3.25 grains per hole,respectively,and the sowing uniformity was 63.79%-75.60%and 28.78%-68.28%,respectively.By taking into account the hole leakage rate,sowing quantity and uniformity,when the length of rice seeds was 7.97-9.82 mm,it was suitable to use the large square sowing roller;when the length was 9.97-10.93 mm,it was suitable to use the elliptical sowing roller;when the single sowing quantity per hole of rice seeds was 3-5 grains,and the hole leakage rate was less than 5%and the uniformity was greater than 61.40%,which was suitable for rice pot seedling sowing;while for the longer Yuzhenxiang rice seeds,none of the four sowing rollers could meet the suitable sowing effect for pot seedlings,and it was not suitable for the sowing of rice pot seedlings.
黄德刚;吴大秀;徐道艺;曹明燕;严华
兴义市农业农村局,贵州 兴义 562400兴义市农业农村局,贵州 兴义 562400兴义市农业农村局,贵州 兴义 562400兴义市农业农村局,贵州 兴义 562400兴义市农业农村局,贵州 兴义 562400
农业科技
水稻钵苗播种均匀度播种量
RicePot-seedlingUniformitySeedling quantity
《福建农业科技》 2026 (1)
89-94,6
贵州省水稻绿色高产高效项目(2025年).
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