锂离子电池SEI膜的多尺度表征技术与研究进展OA

The solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)governs the safety,lifespan,and rate capability of lithium-ion batteries,yet its nanoscale thickness,heterogeneity,and dynamic evolution pose signifi-cant characterization challenges.The multi-scale characterization techniques from macroscopic(FTIR,Raman,SEM)to atomic scale(Cryo-TEM,XPS,ToF-SIMS,TMS,ssNMR)were systemati-cally reviewed,and a comprehensive comparison was made based on spatial/chemical resolution,in-situ capability,perturbation and quantifiability.For representative systems including graphite,sili-con,lithium metal,and solid-state interfaces,material-specific minimum reporting combinations(MRCs)were proposed to establish an evidence chain integrating"low-perturbation in situ monitor-ing,high-resolution ex situ validation,and electrochemical correlation."A"structure-evolution-function-performance"framework was introduced to quantitatively link observables(dSEI、fLiF、σSEI、ESEI)with polarization,impedance,and capacity fade.In response to the problems of in-situ limita-tions,cross-scale fusion and weak modeling,it is advocated to develop a sealed in-situ platform,stan-dardized metadata and AI-driven uncertainty quantitative analysis to provide methodological sup-port for the predictable design of battery interfaces.