土壤水力性质对高寒沼泽草甸退化与建植人工草地的响应OA
Response of soil hydraulic properties to alpine swamp meadow degradation and sown grassland planting
为揭示高寒沼泽草甸退化与人工建植草地对土壤水力性质的影响,本研究以青海省玛沁县天然、轻度退化、重度退化高寒沼泽草甸和人工建植草地(为生态修复于2018年在退化草甸种植的冷地早熟禾)为研究对象,测定了几种基本土壤性质,分析了0～30 cm土层土壤水力性质变化特征及其驱动因素.结果表明:1)生物量、土壤孔隙度、有机碳与总氮含量随高寒沼泽草甸退化与建植人工草地进程推进表现为先降低后升高的趋势(P<0.05).2)0～20 cm土层的土壤持水量、田间持水量、凋萎系数与饱和含水量排序为:天然沼泽草甸>人工草地>重度退化沼泽草甸.饱和导水率在0～10 cm土层显著高于10～30 cm土层,且随草甸退化与建植人工草地进程推进表现为先下降后上升的趋势(P<0.05).3)饱和导水率、饱和含水量、植物有效水含量与土壤孔隙度、有机碳和总氮含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与土壤pH呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05).偏最小二乘回归分析表明:影响土壤水力性质的重要因子是土壤孔隙度与有机碳含量.综上所述,高寒沼泽草甸退化与建植人工草地显著改变了土壤水力性质,对于表层(0～10 cm)土壤影响最为显著,加强表层土壤的研究和保护是高寒沼泽草甸生态修复的关键所在.
In this research,natural,lightly degraded and heavily degraded marsh meadows,and artificially established sown grassland(established in 2018 by planting Poa crymophila on degraded meadows for ecological restoration)in Maqin County,Qinghai Province,were studied.Several key soil properties were measured,and the changes in soil hydraulic properties within the 0-30 cm soil layer,and factors driving the changes were analyzed.The results demonstrated that:1)Biomass,soil porosity,organic carbon content,and total nitrogen content exhibited a trend of initial decrease and then increase with the degradation of alpine marsh meadows and the establishment of artificial sown grassland(P<0.05).2)In the 0-20 cm soil layer,the ranking of soil water holding capacity,field capacity,wilting coefficient,and saturated water content was as follows:natural marsh meadow>artificially established sown grassland>heavily degraded marsh meadow.Saturated hydraulic conductivity in the 0-10 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in the 10-30 cm soil horizon and decreased significantly with the degradation of alpine marsh meadows while increasing significantly with the establishment of artificially sown grassland(P<0.05).3)Saturated hydraulic conductivity,saturated water content,and plant-available water content were significantly positively correlated with soil porosity,organic carbon content,and total nitrogen content(P<0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with soil pH(P<0.05).Partial least squares regression analysis revealed that the critical factors influencing soil hydraulic properties were soil porosity and organic carbon content.In conclusion,the degradation of alpine marsh meadows and the establishment of artificially sown grassland significantly altered soil hydraulic properties,with the most pronounced impact observed in the surface horizon(0-10 cm).The data indicate that surface soils are the most sensitive to degradation-induced changes;this is an important insight for managing the ecological restoration of alpine marsh meadows.
李向;李航;李润杰;张永坤
青海大学土木水利学院,青海 西宁 810016||黄河上游生态保护与高质量发展实验室,青海 西宁 810016中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京 100038青海大学土木水利学院,青海 西宁 810016||黄河上游生态保护与高质量发展实验室,青海 西宁 810016||青海大学三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海 西宁 810016青海大学三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海 西宁 810016
高寒沼泽草甸退化人工草地土壤持水能力饱和导水率
alpine marsh meadowdegradationartificial grasslandsoil water holding capacitysaturated hydraulic conductivity
《草业学报》 2026 (3)
52-67,16
国家自然科学基金(42207375)和青海省科技计划(2024-SF-148)项目资助.
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