秸秆配施不同形态氮肥对土壤肥力和小麦氮素吸收的影响OA

To investigate the effects of straw and nitrogen fertilizer application on soil fertility and nitrogen absorption in wheat,a two-factor experimental design of straw×nitrogen fertilizer was adopted,with a total of six treatments.Among them,straw had 2 gradient levels:no addition(0)and addition(2 g/kg);nitrogen fertilizer included 3 types:nitrate nitrogen(sodium nitrate),ammonium nitrogen(ammonium chloride),and amide nitrogen(urea).Soil nutrient content,soil enzyme activity,wheat agronomic traits,and wheat plant nitrogen content were measured.The results showed that the order of the effects of equal amounts of different forms of nitrogen fertilizers on soil fertility and wheat growth was amide nitrogen fertilizer>nitrate nitrogen fertilizer>ammonium nitrogen fertilizer.Compared with the separate treatment without straw addition,the contents of total nitrogen,organic matter,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen,as well as the activities of soil urease,sucrase and phosphatase,were increased to varying degrees in the amide nitrogen fertilizer,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen treatments combined with straw.The total dry weight of wheat in the amide nitrogen fertilizer plus straw treatment was 11.55%higher than that in the amide nitrogen fertilizer-only treatment.Compared with the treatment without straw addition,the wheat nitrogen uptake in the amide nitrogen fertilizer,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen treatments combined with straw was increased by 20.19%,17.69%and 18.12%,respectively.In conclusion,the combination of amide nitrogen fertilizer and straw application can effectively improve soil fertility,promote wheat growth and development,and increase nitrogen uptake.It is the optimal nitrogen fertilizer form for combination application model.This paper provides a reference for the development of an efficient nitrogen fertilizer management model.