智慧植保技术体系与应用现状综述OA

Amid intensifying global climate change and rising concerns over food security,crop pest and disease control is confronted with multiple challenges.Smart plant protection,as a key frontier in the integrated innovation of modern agricultural information technologies,establishes an intelligent full-chain system covering perception,communication,decision-making,and execution through the deep integration of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence,Internet of Things,and remote sensing monitoring.This paper systematically reviews the technical architecture of smart plant protec-tion:at the information perception layer,multi-source sensor networks are integrated with satellite remote sensing to achieve multi-dimensional monitoring of pests and diseases;at the data communica-tion layer,an edge-cloud collaborative transmission and processing platform is constructed to ensure real-time information flow;at the decision-execution layer,intelligent algorithms are employed to power precision spraying equipment and plant protection robots.Typical application scenarios demon-strate the significant benefits of smart plant protection technologies in improving control efficiency,reducing pesticide use,and minimizing environmental impacts.Finally,practical bottlenecks such as high cost,data silos,and a lack of unified standards are discussed,and a coordinated development strategy of hardware miniaturization,software open-sourcing,and cloud-based services is proposed to provide a theoretical reference for promoting agricultural green transformation and sustainable development.