马铃薯农艺性状、产量与氮磷效率的变化及相关性分析OA

To improve the potato productivity potential by scientific fertilization and to clarify the relationships and characteristics among potato yield,major agronomic traits,and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency,this paper analyzed the diversity and correlation of the changes in agronomic traits,yield,and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency of the main potato varieties in the northern region of China using different fertilization methods.The results showed that nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization significantly improved potato growth traits,with nitrogen fertilization being more effective.Compared with the control group,the potato plant height,stem thickness,number of leaves,and leaf area increased by 2.50%-55.64%under nitrogen fertilization,and by 0.01%-31.61%under phosphorus fertilization.The yields of five potato varieties increased on average by 2.98%-26.55%under different fertilization treatments,and the average increase was greatest under nitrogen fertilization,peaking at 26.55%.Under different fertilization treatments,agronomic traits,yield,and nitrogen-phosphorus sensitivity of different potato varieties were changed.All traits were positively correlated except plant height,which was negatively correlated with the number of leaves.The number of leaves and leaf area had a significant positive effect on yield,while plant height and stem thickness had a positive but not significant effect on yield.The correlation coefficient between potato yield and nitrogen biological efficiency was-0.37,which showed that with increasing potato yield,the potato biomass per unit of nitrogen decreased.The correlation coefficient between potato yield and phosphorus biological efficiency was-0.20,which showed the decreasing effect of phosphorus resource compensation.The results can be used as a reference for the efficient utilization of potato germplasm resources,variety selection and breeding as well as rational cultivation in northern China.