新生儿黄疸流行病学分析及影响因素的研究进展OA

Neonatal jaundice is the most common symptom in the neonatal period.This article analyzes its epidemiological characteristics,influencing factors,and prevention and treatment,and systematically reviews the research progress in neonatal jaundice from 2020 to 2025.Epidemiological data show that there are significant regional differences in the incidence of neonatal jaundice.Globally,the incidence of neonatal jaundice is on the rise,with rates in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia(60%-80%)far exceeding those in high-income countries(20%-30%).In China,the incidence of neonatal jaundice is high and also on the rise,with higher rates in the north than in the south.The influencing factors include maternal pregnancy complications(such as diabetes and hypertension),hemolytic factors,neonatal genetic metabolic defects(such as G6PD deficiency and UGT1A1 mutation),infection,birth trauma,and environmental factors(such as delayed breastfeeding).Portable transcutaneous bilirubinometers and mobile monitoring have improved screening efficiency,and various therapies have developed successively.In the future,it is necessary to focus on precision medicine,closely integrate with science and technology,and pay attention to the diagnosis and treatment levels in different regions,in order to improve the health outcomes of newborns worldwide.