儿童癫痫综合征药物治疗进展OA

Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in children.While pediatric epilepsy is characterized by a diverse range of caus-es and intricate pathological processes,roughly 30%of affected children exhibit resistance to existing pharmacological treatments.It can be classified in-to distinct epilepsy syndromes based on character-istic clinical and electroencephalographic(EEG)fea-tures.Among these,developmental and epileptic encephalopathy(DEE)represents the most severe subtype.Over recent decades,there have been sig-nificant advancements in new anti-seizure medica-tions(ASM),yet the rate of drug-resistant epilepsy cases has not significantly declined.To systematical-ly evaluate therapeutic strategies for pediatric epilepsy syndromes,this review primarily focuses on several relatively common pediatric epilepsy syndromes,including Dravet syndrome,infantile epileptic spasm syndrome(IESS),as well as rare eti-ology-specific DEEs(e.g.KCNQ2-,SCN2A-,SCN8A-,and CDKL5-related DEE),and febrile infection-relat-ed epilepsy syndrome(FIRES).We summarize cur-rent pharmacological management and emerging therapeutic advances in these conditions,aiming to support evidence-based clinical decisions.