洱海流域小农户模式下施用不同品牌鸡粪肥对鲜食玉米农艺性状及产量的影响OA

The Erhai Lake Basin is a typical production base for fresh-eating corn cultivation in a plateau lake area of Yunnan Province,where small-holder farming is the dominant mode.In order to explore the application effect and potential risks of different brands of chicken manure fertilizer applied as basal fertilizer in the Erhai Lake Basin,the main fresh-eating corn varieties'Nongkenuo 336','Jingzinuo 219','SBS902',and'Tianzi 23'in the Erhai Lake Basin were selected as the test varieties.Four treatments were set up:Brand 1 chicken manure organic fertilizer(T1),Brand 2 dried chicken manure fertilizer(T2),Brand 3 dried chicken manure fertilizer(T3)and no fertilizer(CK).The effects of different brands of chicken manure fertilizer on seed germination characteristics,seedling safety(burnt seedling rate),key agronomic traits and yield were investigated by split-plot experimental design.The results showed that:1)The results of leaching solution treatment showed that the germination index of T1 treatment was more than 70％,which met the requirements,while T2 and T3 treatments significantly inhibited seed germination,the germination rate decreased by 6.8％to 27.6％and was lower than that of CK,and the radicle length decreased by 6.9％to 55.7％;After applying chicken manure fertilizer in the field,the burnt seedling rate of T2 and T3 treatments reached 1.3％to 10.7％,which was significantly higher than that of T1(≤1.1％)and CK(≤0.6％)(P＜0.05).Among all varieties,'Tianzi 23'exhibited a lower seedling burning rate across all treatments compared to the others.2)The application of three kinds of chicken manure fertilizers in the field increased the plant height,relative chlorophyll content and total dry matter accumulation of fresh-eating corn,and significantly increased the single ear weight and yield of fresh-eating corn(P＜0.05).Among them,the yields of the four fresh-eating corn varieties under T2 treatment were the highest,with an average yield increase of 15.2％to 28.3％,and the average yield increase under T1 and T3 treatments was 5.7％to 19.1％.In summary,the two brands of dried chicken manure fertilizers(T2 and T3)commonly used in the Erhai Lake Basin exhibited a dual effect on fresh-eating corn:high yield potential coexists with seedling-stage risks.This study recommends that small-holder farmers adopt a'variety-first'fertilization strategy:Prioritizing the use of well-rotted,standardized chicken manure organic fertilizer(T1);Alternatively,using dried chicken manure fertilizer in combination with a stress-tolerant variety'Tianzi 23'to effectively mitigate application risks.This would not only adapt to the actual production needs of small-holder farming,but also provide technical support for the optimization of regional planting-breeding cycles and the collaborative governance of agricultural non-point source pollution.