马苏大麻哈鱼的种群分类及生物学特征研究进展OA

Oncorhynchus masou mainly distributed in the Tumen River and Suifen River in mainland China is a bottom dwelling fish that migrates upstream in cold water.Its meat is tender and delicious,and its eco-nomic value is extremely high.Wild Oncorhynchus masou has become severely endangered due to factors in-cluding overfishing,evolution of ecological environment,and water pollution.This article systematically summa-rized the recent achievements in the fields of biological characteristics,population classification,status of re-source,techniques of breeding,prevention and control of diseases,and nutritional value of Oncorhynchus masou.The land seal type and migratory type of Oncorhynchus masou still belong to the same species and have the same gene pool.Oncorhynchus masou can survive under different conditions of water temperature and salinity,with strong dietary adaptability.It can adapt well to compound feed and has different nutritional requirements for feed at different stages of growth when artificially farmed.The land sealed population(Oncorhynchus masou masou)is currently the main species artificially farmed,and its nutritional value of amino acid is very similar to that of the muscle in wild Oncorhynchus masou,but its content of amino acid is slightly lower than that of the wild population.At present,there are still some methodological problems in many studies including the inability of population classification to cover the genetic variation of the entire genome,and the susceptibility of morpho-logical indexes to environmental interference.The mode of fixed-point sampling used in resource surveys has in-complete coverage and insufficient randomness as well.In the future,focus should be put on tackling core issues including technologies of artificial domestication and breeding,optimizing germplasm,developing specialized feed,and filling nutritional needs.It will provide a useful reference for protecting resource and industrializing the artificial breeding of Oncorhynchus masou.