2025年中国乳腺癌基础转化研究进展与展望OA

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy.Its initiation,progression,therapeutic response,and risk of recurrence are jointly regulated by intrinsic molecular characteristics of tumor cells,dynamic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment,and multilayered systemic macroenvironmental factors.With the rapid development of single-cell sequencing and spatial omics,breast cancer research has gradually shifted from static classification to a dynamic and systems-level understanding centered on tumor evolution.In 2025,Chinese researchers achieved a series of internationally influential advances in elucidating tumor evolutionary mechanisms,innovating therapeutic strategies,and developing diagnostic and predictive approaches for breast cancer.These studies systematically uncovered novel mechanisms underlying intrinsic adaptive evolution and immune evasion of tumor cells,and further extended the conceptual framework to systemic macroenvironmental regulation,highlighting the critical roles of cross-organ communication in breast cancer progression and metastasis.At the therapeutic level,multiple strategies targeting metabolic vulnerabilities of tumor cells,reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment,and biologically engineered technologies have been proposed and validated,demonstrating substantial translational potential in overcoming therapeutic resistance and enhancing treatment efficacy.In terms of diagnosis and prognosis,emerging approaches,including multimodal integration of imaging and omics data,spatial omics,and dynamic monitoring of circulating tumor DNA,have provided new technical pathways for refined molecular stratification,therapeutic response evaluation,and recurrence risk prediction.This review systematically summarizes representative advances made by Chinese researchers in basic and translational breast cancer research in 2025,integrating findings across tumor evolutionary mechanisms,therapeutic innovations,and diagnostic and predictive methodologies.It aims to present an overarching landscape of the field,distill shared scientific themes,and provide future directions for precision diagnosis,treatment,and individualized longitudinal management of breast cancer.