电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)的技术发展与新兴应用OA

Since its inception in 1980,inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)has developed as the core technology for trace element analysis in modern analytical chemistry.This paper systematically reviews the development history of ICP-MS,covering three dimensions:plasma source,mass analyzer,and the entire instrument,and traces the technical evolution of this technology from the early quadrupole mass spectrometry to high-resolution sector field mass spectrometry,time-of-flight mass spectrometry,and multi-quadrupole ICP-MS/MS.It is pointed out that among numerous technological breakthroughs,the continuous iteration of interference cancellation technology is the key driving force for the development of ICP-MS.From cold plasma technology to quadrupole,hexpole,and octapole collision reaction cells,and then to high-resolution separation technology,the accuracy and sensitivity of trace element analysis in complex matrices have been significantly improved.In terms of analytical capabilities,ICP-MS has surpassed traditional multi-element and isotope analysis,gradually expanding to frontier directions and emerging fields such as speciation analysis and spatial resolution imaging.Single-particle ICP-MS(SP-ICP-MS)enables rapid characterization and quantitative analysis of nanomaterials;single-cell ICP-MS(SC-ICP-MS)provides elemental distribution information at the single-cell level for metallomics research;elemental labeling immunoassay technology opens new avenues for high-throughput multi-index biological detection.Furthermore,mass cytometry integrates the advantages of TOF-ICP-MS with flow cytometry,enabling simultaneous detection of more than 50 protein markers at the single-cell level.In China,ICP-MS has undergone a development process from complete reliance on imports to the gradual rise of domestic instruments.Currently,more than ten domestic enterprises have successfully launched their own brand ICP-MS products.In the future,ICP-MS will continue to provide innovation in the directions of intelligence,automation,and multi-omics integrated analysis,providing more powerful analytical tools for environmental science,life science,materials science,and other fields.