中小学生人工智能素养:内涵嬗变、目标升级与"3×3框架"建构OA

Artifical intelligence(AI)literacy for primary and secondary school students is a concept that evolves continuously with the advancement of AI technology.Its connotation has expanded from"understanding intelligent technologies and assisting one's own learning"to"a comprehensive competency framework for understanding,creatively applying,and critically evaluating AI technologies".The cultivation goal has been upgraded from"users"of AI to"co-creators"and"lifelong learners".Accordingly,based on Bloom's Taxonomy of educational objectives and combined with the special requirements of the next-generation AI technologies,this paper constructed a"3×3 framework"of AI literacy,which consisted of three dimensions—cognition,thinking,and ethics,and three levels—low,intermediate,and high.With this framework,the paper explores approaches to cultivating AI literacy among primary and secondary school students,proposing the construction of a hierarchical education system and the improvement of a comprehensive evaluation mechanism,so as to systematically promote the development of AI literacy in primary and secondary education.