江苏典型淡水鱼类养殖尾水抗生素污染特征、生态风险及其与环境理化因子相关性OA
Pollution Characteristics,and Ecological Risk of Antibiotics,and Correlation Analysis between Antibiotics and Physical-Chemical Parameters in Typical Freshwater Fish Aquaculture Wastewater in Jiangsu Province,China
当前关于江苏淡水鱼产业养殖尾水抗生素的污染特征及其生态风险的了解和研究较少.选择江苏 10 个典型淡水鱼类养殖场,采用固相萃取-液质联用法,分析了养殖尾水中6类42种典型抗生素的含量水平和空间分布特征,并对其生态风险进行评价,同时,探究了抗生素污染与尾水中环境因子的相关性.结果表明,尾水中共检出 5 类 27 种抗生素,检出率和检出浓度均较高的有恩诺沙星、氟苯尼考、克林霉素和诺氟沙星;不同采样点抗生素检出浓度相差较大,其中,两个鳊鱼养殖企业(WJ和JS采样点)抗生素检出浓度显著高于其他采样点;单一抗生素而言,高风险及中风险占比达到28.0%,主要是克拉霉素、伊维菌素和阿维菌素,单类抗生素而言,所有采样点的大环内酯类抗生素均为高风险,氟喹诺酮类为高风险或接近高风险;进一步结合Pearson相关性分析可知,尾水中TDS、EC、DO、TP、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N、TOC、BOD5 及IMn与部分抗生素相关性显著,如克拉霉素、伊维菌素、阿维菌素、磺胺甲基异噁唑、磺胺氯哒嗪、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星及氟苯尼考.江苏淡水鱼类养殖尾水中抗生素检出较多,总体上赋存浓度较低,但潜在生态风险较大(尤其是鳊鱼Parabramis pekinensis).研究结果可为江苏淡水鱼类养殖场抗生素的规范科学使用和风险防控以及尾水安全排放提供基础数据和科学依据.
Antibiotics are widely used in aquaculture to promote growth and prevent disease.Antibiotic pollution has attracted growing concerns,due to their extensive presence in the environment.In order to understand the distribution and occurrence features of antibiotics in typical freshwater fish aquaculture wastewater in Jiangsu province.The present study investigated the concentrations,and spatial distributions of 42 types of antibiotics in 6 categories by solid-phase extraction pretreating-liquid mass spectrometry method.The ecological risks of antibiotics in the study areas,and their correlation with environmental factors were also evaluated.The results showed that a total of 27 antibiotics in 5 categories were detected,and Enrofloxacin,Florfenicol,Clindamycin and Norfloxacin were detected with high detection rates and concentrations.The detection concentration of antibiotics at different sampling sites was quite different,and the detection concentrations of antibiotics at WJ and JS sampling sites were significantly higher than those at other sampling sites.For each single antibiotic,high-risk and medium-risk accounted for 28.0%,mainly Clarithromycin,Ivermectin and Abamectin,and for each single class of antibiotics,Macrolides at all sampling sites were high-risk,and Fluoroquinolone was high-risk or close to high-risk.Further Pearson correlation analysis showed that TDS,EC,DO,TP,TN,NH4+-N,NO3--N,TOC,BOD5 and IMn were significantly correlated with some antibiotics,such as Clarithromycin,Ivermectin,Abamectin,Sulfamethoxazole,Sulfachloropyridazine,Enrofloxacin,Ciprofloxacin,Ofloxacin,and Florfenicol.Attention should be paid to the residual contamination of antibiotics and its ecological risks in the wastewater of freshwater fish aquaculture(especially the Parabramis pekinensis).This study offers basic data and scientific basis for the standardized scientific use and risk prevention of antibiotics in freshwater fish farms in Jiangsu,as well as the safe discharge of aquaculture wastewater.
刘崇万;朱晓华;王明华;徐志华;任娣;杨洪生;万金娟
江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017||江苏省水产质量检测中心,江苏 南京 210017江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017||江苏省水产质量检测中心,江苏 南京 210017江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017||江苏省水产质量检测中心,江苏 南京 210017江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017||江苏省水产质量检测中心,江苏 南京 210017江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017||江苏省水产质量检测中心,江苏 南京 210017江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏 南京 210017
资源环境
淡水鱼类养殖尾水抗生素污染特征生态风险环境因子
freshwater fishaquaculture wastewaterantibioticspollution characteristicsecological riskphysical-chemical parameters
《生态环境学报》 2026 (3)
378-392,15
国家特色淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-46)南京综合试验站项目江苏省级农产品质量安全专项风险监测(水产品)(2024-SJ-046)江苏渔业生态与资源监测(2024-SJ-101)
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