林粮间作小麦孕穗期表型特征与早期栽培措施OA

This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic differences of different wheat varieties in response to canopy microenviron-ments during the booting stage under an agroforestry system,so as to provide a basis for early identification of varietal adaptability and classified management.On April 11,2025,a unified method was used to investigate four wheat varieties—Xinliang 804,Xindong 60,Zhongmai 578 and Xindong 20 in typical agroforestry fields in the Kashgar region.Indicators such as basic seedlings per hm2,stem tillers per hm2 and plant height were measured in two locations:under the canopy and outside the canopy.Corresponding ratios were calculated.The results showed that the adaptability of the varieties to the intercropping microenvironment showed significant differen-tiation.Xindong 60 was the most affected from emergence to tillering,with the highest reductions in basic seedlings 12 and stem tillers under the canopy(ratios of 1.69 and 1.75,respectively).Xinliang 804 showed uniform distribution of basic seedlings(ratio of 1.05),but its stem tillers and plant height significantly decreased under the canopy(ratios of 1.44 and 1.99,respectively).Zhongmai 578 exhibited the largest spatial difference in stem tillers(ratio of 1.88),while its plant height was the most stable(ratio of 1.08).Xindong 20 demonstrated the best population equilibrium with the smallest spatial variation in all indicators.In conclusion,in the a-groforestry system,wheat varieties exhibit distinct adaptive characteristics such as sensitivity and stability during the booting stage.Differentiated management measures should be adopted early in the growth period based on varietal traits:Xinliang 804 requires tar-geted water and fertilizer management under the canopy,Xindong 60 should emphasize uniform sowing and sturdy stems,Zhongmai 578 needs increased planting density to ensure population stability,and Xindong 20 can be prioritized for stable and simplified man-agement.