基于SDF-1/CXCR4轴探讨加味小青龙汤对寒性哮喘大鼠BMSCs归巢的影响OA

Objective To investigate the effect of Jiawei Xiaoqinglong Decoction(加味小青龙汤,JXD)on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)homing efficiency through the stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1)/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4)axis,and to analyze its therapeutic mechanism in combination with BMSCs transplantation for cold asthma.Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into five groups:control,model,BMSCs transplantation,BMSCs transplantation+JXD,and BMSCs transplantation+dexamethasone.A cold asthma model was established using ovalbumin(OVA)and aluminum hydroxide sensitization,nebulization challenge,and cold air exposure.Rats in the transplantation groups received 1 mL of CFSE-labeled BMSCs suspension(1×10⁶ cells/mL)via tail vein injection.The treatment groups were subsequently administered JXD water extract(6.39 g/kg)or dexamethasone suspension(0.125 mg/kg)by gavage for 7 days.Asthma symptoms were evaluated,and lung pathology was examined by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.BMSCs distribution was observed by immunofluorescence(IF),while interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-10(IL-10)levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were measured by enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay(ELISA).The mRNA and protein expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4 in the lung tissues was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)and Western blot(WB)analysis,respectively.Results The model group showed aggravated asthma symptoms,increased lung inflammation scores,elevated IL-6 levels,and decreased IL-10 levels in BALF(all P<0.01).All treatment groups demonstrated significant improvements in these indicators(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The BMSCs+JXD group exhibited the highest number of homed BMSCs and the most pronounced upregulation of SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion JXD may enhance BMSCs homing to lung tissues in cold asthma by upregulating the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis,thereby amplifying its anti-inflammatory and therapeutic effects.