黄土丘陵区天然植被坡面土壤水分变化对次降雨过程的响应OA
Response of soil moisture variation of natural vegetation slopes to individual rainfall in loess hilly-gully region
[目的]探究黄土丘陵区天然植被坡面土壤水分的动态变化过程,对定量评价植被水文效应具有重要意义.[方法]以天水市罗玉沟流域的裸地、灌木地和草地坡面为研究对象,基于野外人工模拟降雨,利用水分测定仪进行全过程监测,分析了不同被覆坡面土壤水分随降雨时间的动态变化特征,阐明不同深度不同坡位土壤水分的空间分布规律.[结果]裸地、灌木地和草地的土壤含水量均值分别为23.6%,26.0%,36.7%,植被覆盖显著提升了土壤持水能力;裸地、灌木地和草地的变异系数分别为31.0%,37.0%,18.0%,草被覆盖坡面土壤水分空间异质性最低.草地和灌木地土壤含水量垂直变化总体上随土层深度增加呈平稳增长趋势,裸地则呈现先增加后减少趋势,深层水分空间异质性增强.不同坡位的土壤水分空间变异性显著(p<0.05),上坡位土壤水分变化剧烈,中、下坡位变化相对平稳.[结论]降雨过程中植被覆盖坡面的土壤含水量均值高于裸地,随着土层深度增加不同被覆坡面土壤水分的波动性逐渐减弱,中、下坡位的水分变化较上坡位相对稳定.草地和灌木地增加了坡面土壤水分的储存能力,为黄土丘陵区林草措施的优化配置提供科学依据.
[Objective]Studying the dynamic variation process of soil moisture on natural vegetation slopes in the loess hilly-gully region is important for quantitatively evaluating vegetation's hydrological effects.[Methods]Bare land,shrubland,and grassland slopes in Luoyugou watershed of Tianshui City were selected as study sites.Continuous monitoring throughout the rainfall process was conducted using moisture meters based on artificial simulated rainfall.The dynamic variation characteristics of soil moisture on differently covered slopes with rainfall duration were analyzed,and the spatial distribution patterns of soil moisture at different depths and slope positions were elucidated.[Results]The mean soil moisture contents of bare land,shrubland,and grassland were 23.6%,26.0%and 36.7%respectively,indicating that vegetation cover significantly enhanced soil water retention capacity.The variation coefficients of bare land,shrubland,and grassland were 31.0%,37.0%and 18.0%respectively,demonstrating that grassland slopes exhibited the lowest spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture.Vertical changes of soil moisture in grassland and shrubland generally showed steady growth with increasing soil depth,while bare land exhibited an initial increase followed by decrease,with enhanced spatial heterogeneity in deep soil layers.Significant spatial variability in soil moisture was observed at different slope positions(p<0.05),showing drastic changes at upper slopes but relatively stable conditions at middle and lower slopes.[Conclusion]Vegetation-covered slopes exhibit higher mean soil moisture content than bare land during rainfall.Soil moisture variability gradually decreases with increasing soil depth across cover types,with middle and lower slope positions demonstrating greater stability in moisture dynamics compared to upper slopes.Grassland and shrubland increase soil moisture storage capacity on slopes,providing a scientific basis for optimal allocation of forestry and grassland measures in the loess hilly-gully region.
何文文;肖培青;何子淼;王靖淑
郑州大学 水利与交通学院,郑州 450001||黄河水利科学研究院 水利部黄土高原水土保持重点实验室,郑州 450003郑州大学 水利与交通学院,郑州 450001||黄河水利科学研究院 水利部黄土高原水土保持重点实验室,郑州 450003华北水利水电大学 测绘与地理信息学院,郑州 450046黄河水利科学研究院 水利部黄土高原水土保持重点实验室,郑州 450003
农业科技
土壤水分动态变化天然植被野外模拟降雨黄土丘陵区
soil moisturedynamic variationnatural vegetationfield rainfall simulationloess hilly-gully region
《水土保持研究》 2026 (2)
42-49,8
国家自然科学基金(U2243210)河南省自然科学基金(252300421756,252300420859)黄河水利科学研究院科技发展基金(黄科发202312)
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