厂矿企业劳动者职业健康素养与职业紧张的关联:基于LASSO-多水平logistic回归OA

[Background]Health literacy is closely related to mental health,and improving health literacy has been shown to promote mental well-being.However,whether occupational stress among workers in mining and manufacturing is associated with their occupational health literacy remains inconclusive. [Objective]To study the levels of occupational health literacy and occupational stress among workers in three industrial sectors(metal ores mining,metal smelting,and manufacture of non-metallic mineral products)in Gansu Province,and to analyze the correlation between them. [Methods]Between May and December 2024,a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to survey workers from 73 large,medium,and small and micro sized enterprises across the aforementioned industries in Gansu Province.Participants'occupational health literacy and occupational stress levels were assessed.The LASSO regression model was applied to identify key factors influencing occupational stress,and subsequently a multilevel random intercept mixed-effects logistic model was used to study factors influencing occupational stress and to explore the relationship between occupational health literacy and occupational stress. [Results]A total of 3 611 workers across the three industries were surveyed,among whom 1 031(28.55%)experienced occupational stress.Workers with adequate occupational health literacy—whether assessed in terms of overall literacy or specific dimensions—demonstrated a significantly lower prevalence of occupational stress compared to those without adequate literacy(P<0.05).Through the LASSO regression analysis,it was found that the factors closely related to occupational stress were dimension one(occupational health legal knowledge),dimension two(basic knowledge of occupational health protection),and dimension four(healthy working methods and behaviors)of occupational health literacy,gender,average monthly income,and night shifts.The results from the three-level random intercept mixed-effects logistic regression model indicated that dimensions one(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.58,0.82),two(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.58,0.87),and four(OR=0.81,95%CI:0.67,0.98)of occupational health literacy were negatively correlated with the risk of occupational stress.Workers with an average monthly income of 3 001-≤5 000,5 001-≤7 000,and≥7 001 yuan reported occupa-tional stress risks that were 61%(OR=0.61,95%CI:0.45,0.81),56%(OR=0.56,95%CI:0.41,0.78),and 36%(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.24,0.53)of those with an average monthly income≤3 000 yuan,respectively.Male workers(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.32,2.10)and those on night shifts(OR=2.29,95%CI:1.90,2.76)had a higher risk of occupational stress.The random effects variance showed that the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.12. [Conclusion]There is a negative correlation between occupational stress and occupational health literacy among workers in mining and manufacturing.Being male,having a low income,and working night shifts are risk factors affecting workers'occupational stress.It is rec-ommended to focus on these groups of workers and incorporate occupational health literacy into workplace mental health promotion.