川南地区老年HIV/AIDS患者多重用药风险感知潜在剖面分析研究OA

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the current situation and potential categories of risk perception of polypharmacy use in elderly patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a basis for the risk management of drug use in this population.Methods Taking elderly HIV/AIDS patients followed up and managed by primary health service institutions as the research subjects,a multi-stage sampling method was adopted.From September 2024 to January 2025,HIV/AIDS patients over 50 years old were selected from three cities in southern Sichuan(Luzhou City,Yibin City,and Neijiang City)as the survey subjects.The questionnaire survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire,the disease Acceptance Scale and the Risk Perception Scale for multiple drug use.Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus7.0 software.Mplus7.0 was mainly used to analyze the potential profile of risk perception of polypharmacy in elderly patients with HIV/AIDS,and to explore the influencing factors of different potential categories in elderly patients with HIV/AIDS through multiple Logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 225 elderly patients with HIV/AIDS were investigated in this study.The total score of their perception of multiple medication risks was(53.32±10.55)points,with the scores of the dimensions of time risk,physical risk,economic risk and socio-psychological risk being(12.64±3.99),(9.94±2.74),(12.8±3.05),and(14.56±3.12)points,respectively.Latent profile analysis divided the perception of multiple medication risks into three latent categories:102 people in the low-risk perception group(accounting for 45.33%),88 people in the medium-risk perception group(accounting for 39.11%),and 35 people in the high-risk perception group(accounting for 15.56%).The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of comorbidities,the number of non-antiviral drugs taken,the situation of multiple medication(≥5 types),and recent hospitalization history were the influencing factors of the latent categories of multiple medication risk perception in elderly patients with HIV/AIDS(P<0.05).Conclusion In this study,the overall perception of polypharmacy risk among elderly HIV/AIDS patients was at a moderately low level,with three potential categories:low,medium,and high.Patients with a high number of comorbidities,taking non-antiviral drugs,having polypharmacy,having a recent hospitalization history,and having a low acceptance of HIV disease were more likely to have a higher perception of polypharmacy risk.Special attention should be paid to these patients,and individualized medication management should be strengthened to optimize medication safety.