百里香精油对能量负平衡奶牛免疫功能和氧化应激的影响OA
Effects of thyme essential oil on immune function and oxidative stress in dairy cows with negative energy balance
为了探究百里香精油对能量负平衡奶牛免疫功能和氧化应激的影响,试验选择体重为(425±25)kg的围产期荷斯坦奶牛 25 头,其中 5 头为能量正平衡奶牛,作为能量正平衡对照组;其余 20 头为能量负平衡奶牛,随机分为能量负平衡对照组、低剂量药物组、中剂量药物组和高剂量药物组(每组 5 头).低剂量药物组每头奶牛每天灌服百里香精油 10.9 mL+生理盐水 10.9 mL,中剂量药物组每头奶牛每天灌服百里香精油 16.35 mL+生理盐水 5.45 mL,高剂量药物组每头奶牛每天灌服百里香精油 21.8 mL,能量正平衡对照组和能量负平衡对照组每头奶牛每天灌服生理盐水21.8 mL,试验期为 14 d,于灌服前及试验第 7,14,21 天分别测定各组血清中免疫因子[白细胞介素 1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素 2(IL-2)、白细胞介素 6(IL-6)、白细胞介素 4(IL-4)、干扰素诱导蛋白 10(IP-10)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白 1(MIP-1)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)]和氧化应激指标[抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)]水平.结果表明:试验期间,与能量正平衡对照组相比,能量负平衡对照组血清中IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-21、IP-10、MIP-1 和MDA水平极显著升高(P<0.01),IL-4、IgM、IgA、IgG、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD和T-AOC水平极显著下降(P<0.01).随着灌服时间的延长,低、中、高剂量药物组血清中IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-21、IP-10、MIP-1 和MDA水平整体呈下降趋势,IL-4、IgM、IgA、IgG、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD和T-AOC水平整体呈上升趋势;随着灌服剂量的增加,第 7,14,21 天,IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-21、IP-10、MIP-1 和MDA水平呈下降趋势,IL-4、IgM、IgA、IgG、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD和T-AOC水平呈上升趋势,其中第 21 天高剂量药物组IL-2、IL-21、IL-4、IP-10、IgM、IgG、CAT、SOD和T-AOC水平与能量正平衡对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);第 21 天,低、中、高剂量药物组IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-21、IP-10、MIP-1 和MDA水平极显著低于能量负平衡对照组(P<0.01),IL-4、IgG、CAT、GSH-Px、SOD和T-AOC水平极显著高于能量负平衡对照组(P<0.01).说明百里香精油能够改善能量负平衡奶牛的免疫功能并缓解其氧化应激反应.
To investigate the effects of thyme essential oil on immune function and oxidative stress in dairy cows with negative energy balance(NEB),25 perinatal Holstein cows with a body weight of(425±25)kg were selected.Among them,5 cows in positive energy balance(PEB)were assigned as the PEB control group;the remaining 20 NEB cows were randomly divided into four groups,namely the NEB control group,low-dose thyme essential oil group(Thyme-L),medium-dose thyme essential oil group(Thyme-M),and high-dose thyme essential oil group(Thyme-H),with 5 cows in each group.Cows in the Thyme-L group were gavaged with 10.9 mL of thyme essential oil plus 10.9 mL of normal saline per head per day.Cows in the Thyme-M group were gavaged with 16.35 mL of thyme essential oil combined with 5.45 mL of normal saline per head per day.The Thyme-H group was gavaged with 21.8 mL of thyme essential oil alone per head per day.Both the PEB control group and NEB control group were gavaged with 21.8 mL of normal saline per head per day,and the gavage period lasted for 14 days.Blood samples were collected on days 0(before gavage),7,14,and 21,and reagent kits were used to determine serum levels of immune factors(IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-21,IL-4,MIP-1,IP-10,IgA,IgG and IgM)and oxidative stress indicators(T-AOC,GSH-Px,SOD,CAT,and MDA)in each group.The results showed that during the experiment,compared with the PEB control group,the serum levels of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-21,IP-10,MIP-1,and MDA in the NEB control group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while the levels of IL-4,IgM,IgA,IgG,GSH-Px,CAT,SOD,and T-AOC were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).With the extension of gavage time,the serum levels of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-21,IP-10,MIP-1,and MDA in the Thyme-L,Thyme-M,and Thyme-H groups showed an overall decreasing trend,while the levels of IL-4,IgM,IgA,IgG,GSH-Px,CAT,SOD,and T-AOC presented an overall increasing trend.Specifically,with the increase in thyme essential oil dose,the levels of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-21,IP-10,MIP-1,and MDA decreased gradually on days 7,14,and 21,whereas the levels of IL-4,IgM,IgA,IgG,GSH-Px,CAT,SOD,and T-AOC increased gradually.On day 21,there was no significant difference in the serum levels of IL-2,IL-21,IL-4,IP-10,IgM,IgG,CAT,SOD,and T-AOC between the Thyme-H group and the PEB control group(P>0.05).Consistently,on day 21,the levels of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,IL-21,IP-10,MIP-1,and MDA in the Thyme-L,Thyme-M,and Thyme-H groups were extremely significantly lower than those in the NEB control group(P<0.01),while the levels of IL-4,IgG,CAT,GSH-Px,SOD,and T-AOC were extremely significantly higher than those in the NEB control group(P<0.01).These results suggested that gavage administration of thyme essential oil could improve the immune function and alleviate the oxidative stress response of dairy cows with negative energy balance.
段莹莹;孙苗苗;孙旭东;徐闯
黑龙江八一农垦大学 动物科技学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319黑龙江八一农垦大学 动物科技学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319黑龙江八一农垦大学 动物科技学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319中国农业大学 动物医学院,北京 100193
农业科技
百里香精油能量负平衡围产期奶牛免疫功能氧化应激
thyme essential oilnegative balance of energyperinatal perioddairy cowimmune functionoxidative stress
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》 2026 (3)
9-14,6
国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2023YFD1802100)
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