头季施肥模式与播种量互作对再生香稻产量及品质的影响OA
Effects of the interaction between fertilization regime and seeding rate in main season on yield and quality of ratoon aromatic rice
[目的]研究头季施肥模式与播种量互作对再生香稻产量形成、干物质积累及稻米品质的影响,为再生香稻高产优质栽培提供优化方案.[方法]大田试验于 2023-2024 年进行,以香稻品种'美香占 2 号'为材料.采取裂区试验设计,以施肥模式为主区,设计 5 个头季施肥模式处理(CK:不施肥;F1:单施复合肥;F2:复合肥配施有机肥;F3:单施香稻专用肥;F4:专用肥配施有机肥);以播种量为副区,设置常规播种量(D)和高播种量(G)2 个水平.测定分析再生香稻的产量、品质、干物质积累量及光合特性等指标.[结果]头季施肥模式与播种量互作影响再生香稻周年产量和品质.F3G(专用肥+高播种量)处理表现最优,2 年的周年产量分别达 9.60 和9.89 t/hm2;F4G(专用肥配施有机肥+高播种量)处理表现次优;增产主要原因在于头季与再生季有效穗数的提高.头季适宜施肥模式和高播种量处理(F3G和F4G)同时显著增强了头季中后期干物质积累能力(P<0.05),且头季抽穗期干物质量与再生季产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01).此外,加工品质年际波动大,2024 年F4G处理显著提升头季整精米率(P<0.05);再生季高播种量下部分处理整精米率下降.[结论]采用高播种量并配合头季施用香稻专用肥或专用肥配施有机肥的栽培模式,可有效协调再生香稻的生物量,促进干物质生产与分配,是实现再生香稻周年高产与优质协同提升的可行策略.
[Objective]The interaction between main-season fertilization regimes and seeding rates was studied for its effects on yield formation,dry matter accumulation,and grain quality of ratoon aromatic rice aiming to provide an optimized cultivation strategy for high yield and good quality of ratoon aromatic rice.[Method]A two-year(2023-2024)field experiment was conducted using the aromatic rice cultivar'Meixiangzhan 2'.A split-plot design was adopted,with fertilization regime as the main plot.There were five main-season fertilization treatments:CK(unfertilized control),F1(compound fertilizer alone),F2(compound fertilizer plus organic fertilizer),F3(special fertilizer for aromatic rice alone),and F4(special fertilizer plus organic fertilizer).The seeding rate was the subplot,with two levels including conventional seeding rate(D)and high seeding rate(G).Indices including yield,grain quality,dry matter accumulation,and photosynthetic characteristics of the ratoon aromatic rice were measured and analyzed.[Result]The interaction between main-season fertilization regime and seeding rate significantly affected the annual yield and quality of ratoon aromatic rice.The F3G(special fertilizer for aromatic rice with high seeding rate)treatment performed the best,with annual yields of 9.60 and 9.89 t/hm2 in the two years,respectively;The F4G(special fertilizer plus organic fertilizer with high seeding rate)treatment ranked second.The yield increase was primarily attributed to the increased effective panicle numbers in both the main and ratoon seasons.The appropriate main-season fertilization regimes under high seeding rate(F3G and F4G)also significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation capacity during the middle and late stages of the main season(P<0.05).Moreover,the dry matter weight at the main season heading stage was significantly positively correlated with the ratoon season yield(P<0.01).In addition,processing quality exhibited significant inter-annual variation.In 2024,the F4G treatment significantly increased the milled rice rate in the main season(P<0.05),while under the high seeding rates in the ratoon season,the milled rice rate decreased in some treatments.[Conclusion]Adopting a cultivation model with a high seeding rate combined with main-season application of special fertilizer for aromatic rice or special fertilizer plus organic fertilizer can effectively optimize biomass accumulation,promote dry matter production and allocation,and is a feasible strategy for achieving synergistic improvement in annual yield and quality of ratoon aromatic rice.
彭洁梅;潘圣刚;莫钊文;李福康;王润波;陈薪羽;黄冠皓;陈浩明;田华;王在满;杨文武
华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 农学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 工程学院,广东 广州 510642华南农业大学 工程学院,广东 广州 510642
农业科技
香稻产量再生稻品质干物质光合作用
Aromatic riceYieldRatoon riceQualityDry matterPhotosynthesis
《华南农业大学学报》 2026 (2)
252-263,12
国家重点研发计划(2024YFD2300500)广东省再生稻试点种植试验推广项目(2025-2026年度)以农产品为单元的广东省现代农业产业技术创新团队建设项目"水稻产业技术体系"(2024CXTD05)广东省科学技术厅农村科技特派员助力"百千万工程"重点派驻任务(KTP20240257)国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01)
评论