首乌丸与二仙汤对卵巢早衰模型大鼠性激素、细胞凋亡、线粒体形态及自噬的影响OA

Objective To compare the differential effects of Shouwu Wan(首乌丸)and Erxian Tang(二仙汤)on sex hormones,cell apoptosis,mitochondrial morphology and autophagy-related factors(PINKl/Parkin)in ovarian granulosa cells(GCs)of premature ovarian failure(POF)model rats,and explore their mechanistic implications.Methods 25 female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=5):blank group,model group,Erxian Tang(EXT)group,Shouwu Wan prevention(SWW)group,and Progynova(estradiol valerate)group.Except for the blank group,POF models were established via intraperitoneal injection of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide(VCD).The blank and model groups received saline gavage,while other groups were administered corresponding drugs.Serum sex hor-mone levels[gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH),and estradiol(E2)],ovarian PINK1 and Parkin mRNA/protein expression,ovarian histomorphology,GCs ultrastructure,and ovarian cell apoptosis were analyzed.Results Compared with the model group,the serum levels of LH,FSH,and GnRH,the mRNA expression level of PINK1 and the mRNA/protein expres-sion levels of Parkin in ovarian tissue,the ovarian cell apoptosis index in the SWW group,EXT group and Progynova group,as well as the protein expression level of PINK1 in the SWW group and the Progynova group were all signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.01),while the serum levels of AMH and E2 were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Compared with the SWW group,the EXT group showed lower serum GnRH and AMH levels(P＜0.05),higher Parkin mRNA,PINK1,and Parkin protein expression levels,and increased apoptosis indices(P＜0.05).Histologically,the model group displayed ovarian atrophy,reduced GCs layers,and fewer follicles.Ultrastructural analysis revealed severe GCs damage,mitochondrial depletion,and abnormal mitochondrial morphology.SWW and EXT groups showed mitigated ovarian atrophy,increased follicles and corpora lutea,reduced apoptosis,and improved GCs ultrastructure.SWW grou-prestored mitochondrial structure and quantity,while EXT group induced mitochondrial swelling despite higher mito-chondrial numbers.Conclusion Shouwu Wan demonstrated superior regulation of AMH,mitophagy factors(PINK1/Par-kin),and apoptosis inhibition,whereas Erxian Tang better modulated GnRH.This suggests Erxian Tang enhances mito-chondrial oxidative energy production,which is similar to the TCM theory of"yang transforming qi",while Shouwu Wan promotes mitochondrial energy storage,analogous to"yin shaping form".