喀斯特区特产顶坛花椒的果实品质评价OA

In order to screen elite germplasm resources of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.dingtanensis endemic in karst regions,this study compared the fruit phenotypic and quality traits of four varieties(‘Daye’‘Jianye’‘Tuanye’,and‘Honghua’).Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis were performed to systematically evaluate the fruit quality characteristics of different varieties.The results showed pericarp thickness(0.34-0.41 mm)did not differ significantly among varieties,while other phenotypic traits exhibited variations among varieties.Volatile oil content ranged from 2.71%to 8.23%,and linalool content from 19.56%to 46.69%,with‘Daye’containing 203.69%more volatile oil than‘Honghua’.Sanshool content varied between 1.36%and 2.78%,being the highest in‘Daye’and the lowest in‘Honghua’.The fruits generally displayed strong aroma,pure pepper flavor,and high quality.The thyrse length,thyrse width,and number of fruits per thyrse were positively correlated(P<0.01)and showed positive correlations with volatile oil and sanshool content(P<0.05).Significant synergistic effects were observed among β-thujene,d-limonene,and γ-terpinene(P<0.05),indicating coordinated regulation of quality traits.According to comprehensive PCA scores,the fruit quality of varieties ranked as follows:‘Honghua’(2.23)>‘Jianye’(-0.23)>‘Tuanye’(-0.83)>‘Daye’(-1.17).Although‘Honghua’scored the highest,its poor cold tolerance and limited distribution restricted practical application.‘Jianye’,however,with thicker pericarp,higher volatile oil and sanshool content,more fruits per thyrse,and larger fruit size,is recommended as the preferred variety for breeding and cultivation.