细菌胞外囊泡在防控断奶仔猪腹泻和肠炎中的作用和潜力OA

Bacterial extracellular vesicles(BEVs)are nano-scale membrane-enclosed structures actively secreted by all bac-teria,with a diameter ranging from 20～400 nm.They carry various bioactive molecules such as proteins,nucleic acids,and lipids,and play a key role in bacterial physiological activities and host interactions.With the integration of veterinary medicine and nanobiology,research on BEVs in the field of swine disease prevention and control is increasingly in-depth.This article systematically reviewed the biological characteristics of bacterial extracellular vesicles,compared the functional differences between BEVs derived from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,analyzed their composition and interaction mecha-nisms with the host,emphatically elaborated on the application practices and mechanisms of action of BEVs in postweaning diarrhea in piglets,further looked forward to their industrial application potential,aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the development of precise prevention and control technologies for postweaning diarrhea in piglets.