光生物调节疗法靶向调控放射性口腔黏膜炎的微环境机制OA

Radiation-induced oral mucositis(RIOM)is one of the most common complications in patients receiving ra-diotherapy for head and neck cancers,with an incidence re-ported as high as 80％-100％.RIOM is characterized by mu-cosal congestion,erosion,and ulceration,often accompanied by severe pain,dysphagia,or secondary infection.These symp-toms markedly impair patients' quality of life and significantly increase the risk of treatment interruption and healthcare bur-den.Currently,pharmacological management provides limited benefit and is frequently constrained by drug resistance and medication-related adverse effects.Photobiomodulation(PBM),a non-invasive physical therapy,has been recom-mended by multiple guidelines and expert consensuses for the prevention and management of RIOM.PBM delivers low-ener-gy visible or near-infrared light to the oral mucosa to modu-late cellular metabolism,attenuate inflammatory responses,and promote cell repair.However,the mechanisms by which PBM reshapes the pathological microenvironment of RIOM re-main to be fully elucidated.This review systematically de-scribes the multidimensional regulatory mechanisms of PBM in reshaping the unbalanced microenvironment of RIOM by modulating oxidative stress,inflammatory mediator and cell survival and repairing signals.The aim is to provide theoreti-cal support for the development of individualized PBM treat-ment strategies for RIOM.