积极劳动力市场政策效果评估的国际回顾与启示OA

Active labor market policies refer to a series of government-led and funded employment promotion measures aimed at fostering employment growth and improving job quality by regulating labor market supply-demand relationships and optimizing matching mechanisms.This article systematically reviews the typology and evolution of active labor market policies internationally,with a focus on the main methodologies and key findings of policy effect evaluations.Research indicates that different types of policies exhibit significant variations in effect intensity and duration,with heterogeneous impacts on groups such as the long-term unemployed,youth,and women.Policy effectiveness fluctuates with economic cycles,and program design elements,such as implementation content,duration,and targeting,play a critical role in determining outcomes.Some policies has negative indirect effects,including unnecessary loss,substitution effects,and lock-in effects,while combining multiple policies can significantly enhance employment promotion outcomes.Based on international experience,the implementation of active labor market policies should focus on strengthening effect evaluations,precisely targeting specific groups,mitigating adverse effects,and optimizing policy combinations to fully leverage their supportive role in promoting high-quality and full employment.