深水-超深水井控安全屏障体系研究现状及发展趋势OA

As global energy exploration and development continuously extends into deepwater and ultra-deepwater domains,the well control during deepwater drilling is increasingly challenged by the superposition of extreme environmental conditions,equipment performance limits and restricted emergency response capabilities,which makes the conventional well control technologies fail to meet the needs of deepwater development from the aspects of safety redundancy and adaptability.In response to these challenges,this paper constructs a set of deepwater well control safety barrier system covering the full process of"prevention–control–rescue"from the perspective of well control safety barriers by comprehensively considering the geological and environmental risks in deepwater and ultra-deepwater oil and gas development.In addition,the technical advances in safety barrier systems at each stage are systematically reviewed,and the future development directions are proposed in light of key industry challenges.The following results are obtained.First,at the prevention barrier level,the technological application to multi-parameter integrated prediction of shallow hazards,real-time monitoring of early overflow,and emergency disconnection of risers significantly enhances shallow risk identification and active prevention capabilities.Second,at the control barrier level,major breakthroughs have been achieved in ultra-high-pressure sealing optimization of deepwater blowout preventers(BOPs),active hydrate inhibition and dissociation,and remotely operated vehicle(ROV)based precise intervention technologies,thereby improving the reliability of emergency control under extreme operating conditions.Third,at the rescue barrier level,dynamic kill operations via relief wells,modular integration of underwater emergency well-capping devices,and emergency support capabilities provide efficient pathways for treating complex well control accidents.In conclusion,the future efforts should focus on breaking through the key bottlenecks in the localization and supporting of critical well control equipment such as deepwater BOPs and well-capping devices.Moreover,it is necessary to deeply integrate machine learning with digital twin technologies to develop intelligent monitoring,early-warning,and decision-support systems,thereby improving risk identification accuracy and autonomous control capabilities.Furthermore,it is suggested to strengthen the construction of cross-regional and multi-level emergency coordination and collaborative response system to comprehensively enhance well control emergency response effectiveness.