饲粮中铁不同添加剂量对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及均匀度的影响OA
Effects of Different Dietary Iron Supplementation Levels on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Uniformity in Broilers
为研究不同剂量铁对肉鸡育雏、育成期生长性能、屠宰性能、均匀度的影响,分别选取1、49日龄罗斯308肉鸡各360只,按照公鸡、母鸡1∶1随机分为6组.1～6周龄,1组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,2～6组分别在基础饲粮中添加30、60、90、120、150 mg/kg铁.7～24周龄,Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ～Ⅵ组分别在基础饲粮中添加20、40、60、80、100 mg/kg铁.测定肉鸡体重、平均日增重、料重比和屠宰性能,并计算均匀度;采用不相关比较法对铁剂量与肉鸡体重、料重比、均匀度进行曲线拟合.结果表明:1～6周龄时,2～5组肉鸡终末体重、平均日增重均高于1组,料重比均低于1组,2～5组肉鸡全净膛率均高于 1 组.曲线拟合发现,在肉鸡饲粮中加铁 96.78 mg/kg时体重最高,加铁83.71 mg/kg时料重比最低,加铁90.56 mg/kg时全净膛率最高.7～24周龄时,Ⅱ～Ⅴ组肉鸡终末体重显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),全净膛率均高于Ⅰ组,公母鸡均匀度均为Ⅳ组最高.曲线拟合发现,在肉鸡饲粮中加铁61.35 mg/kg时鸡体重最高,加铁78.63 mg/kg时料重比最低,加铁63.78 mg/kg时全净膛率最高.由此可见,以提高生长性能、屠宰性能、均匀度为目标,1～6周龄肉鸡饲粮中适宜添加铁83.71～96.78 mg/kg,7～24周龄肉鸡饲粮中适宜添加铁61.35～78.63 mg/kg.
In order to study the effects of different doses of iron on growth performance,slaughter performance and uniformity of broilers during brooding and growing period,360 Ross 308 broilers at 1 and 49 days of age were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups according to the ratio of cock to hen 1∶1.From 1 to 6 weeks of age,group 1(the control group)was fed the basal diet,while groups 2 to 6 were respectively fed the basal diet supplemented with 30,60,90,120,and 150 mg/kg of iron.From 7 to 24 weeks of age,group Ⅰ(the control group)was fed the basal diet,while groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were respectively fed the basal diet supple-mented with 20,40,60,80,and 100 mg/kg of iron.The body weight,average daily gain,feed-to-weight ratio,and slaughter performance of the broilers were measured,and the uniformity was calculated;the corre-lation comparison method was used to fit the curves of iron dose and broiler body weight,feed-to-weight ratio,and uniformity.The results showed that:from 1 to 6 weeks of age,the final body weight and average daily gain of groups 2-5 of broilers were higher than those of group 1,the feed-to-gain ratio was lower than that of group 1,and the clean carcass rate of the 2-5 groups of broilers was higher than that of group 1.The curve fitting showed that the body weight was the highest when 96.78 mg/kg iron was added to the broiler diet,the feed-to-weight ratio was the lowest when 83.71 mg/kg iron was added,and the clean carcass rate was the highest when 90.56 mg/kg iron was added.From 7 to 24 weeks of age,the final body weight of groups Ⅱ to Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and the clean carcass rate was also higher than that of group Ⅰ.The unifor-mity of both male and female chickens was the highest in group Ⅳ.The curve fitting showed that the body weight of broilers was the highest when 61.35 mg/kg iron was added to the broiler diet,the feed-to-weight ratio was the lowest when 78.63 mg/kg iron was added,and the clean carcass rate was the highest when 63.78 mg/kg iron was added.In conclusion,in order to improve the growth performance,slaughter perfor-mance and uniformity,the appropriate iron supplemental level in the diet of broilers aged 1-6 weeks is 83.71-96.78 mg/kg,and the appropriate iron supplemental level in the diet of broilers aged 7-24 weeks is 61.35-78.63 mg/kg.
王少兵
招远市玲珑畜牧兽医站,山东 烟台 265406
农业科技
肉鸡铁添加量生长性能屠宰性能均匀度
broilersiron supplementation levelsgrowth performanceslaughter performanceuniformity
《饲料工业》 2026 (5)
42-47,6
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