133份小麦种质资源的农艺性状评价和分子标记鉴定OA

[Objective]In order to broaden wheat breeding genetic resources and facilitate the identifica-tion and utilization of novel genes.[Method]In this study,133 wheat germplasm accessions were evalu-ated for agronomic traits,and characterized for the composition of high-molecular-weight glutenin sub-units(HMW-GS)and the allelic variations of key genes relevant to wheat breeding.[Result]Abundant variation was observed in the agronomic traits of the tested materials.Based on principal component analy-sis(PCA),the accessions were clustered into six distinct groups.Correlation analysis revealed that plant height was highly and positively correlated with both thousand-kernel weight and awn length.Further-more,a highly significant positive correlation was also identified between thousand-kernel weight and awn length.A total of 20 high-molecular-weight(HMW)glutenin subunits and 72 subunit combinations were detected by SDS-PAGE.The predominant HMW-GS was 1 at the Glu-A1 locus with a high-quality of 18.25%,7+8 at Glu-B1 locus with a high-quality of 27.78%,and 5+10 at the Glu-D1 locus with a high-quality of 41.57%.The predominant HMW-GS combination was Null\7+8\2+12 with a frequency of 13.49%in the germplasm accessions.Molecular marker analysis identified 30,2,and 24 accessions car-rying the genes Yr15,Yr36,and Tamyb10-D,respectively.For grain hardness,13,3,and 12 accessions contained the alleles Pina-D1b,Pinb-D1b,and Pinb-B2b,respectively.The distribution frequencies of alleles for carotenoid content,including Psy-A1b,Psy-B1a/b,Psy-D1a,TaPds-B1a,Zds-A1a,and TaLcy-B1b,were 39.85%,11.28%,12.77%,57.89%,72.93%,and 40.60%,respectively.[Conclusion]The elite materials identified in this study,possessing superior agronomic traits and favorable gene alleles,provide a valuable foundation for future breeding applications and gene discovery.