177份四川省小麦品种(系)重要性状评价与基因检测OA

[Objective]This study analyzed the genetic basis of important traits,including disease resis-tance,yield and quality,in wheat varieties(lines)that approved and reserved in Sichuan Province in re-cent years.[Method]A systematic evaluation was conducted on 177 wheat varieties(lines)in Sichuan Province,focusing on their resistance to stripe rust at the mature plant stage,yield-related traits,and quality indicators.The distribution of genes associated with disease resistance,yield,and quality was identified using 0.1K breeding chips and molecular marker detection technology.[Result]Among the 177 materials,172 demonstrated high resistance to stripe rust at the mature plant stage.A total of 14 known anti-stripe rust genes were identified,with Yr29 and Yr26 exhibiting relatively high distribution frequencies of 99.44%and 77.40%,respectively.All materials contained two or more Yr genes.The aver-age plant height across all materials measured 93.15 cm,and the dwarf genes Rht-D1b,Rht-B1b,and Rht8 were widely distributed.The average thousand-grain weight was 43.40 g,with all materials carrying four or more genes associated with grain weight.Quality analysis indicated an average hardness index of 53.51 and an average protein content of 13.72%.Materials that possessed the low-molecular-weight glu-ten subunit genes Glu-B3h and the high-molecular-weight gluten subunit 5+10 of Glu-D1 exhibited rela-tively high frequencies.[Conclusion]The current wheat varieties(lines)in Sichuan exhibit rich ge-netic diversity in terms of stripe rust resistance,yield potential and quality characteristics,which will lay the material support and theoretical basis for multi-gene aggregation breeding and the selection and breeding of new green,high-yield and high-quality wheat varieties.