腐殖酸土壤调理剂对麦积区苹果产量及果品品质的影响OA
Effects of Humic Acid Soil Conditioner on Apple Yield and Fruit Quality in Maiji District
[目的]研究"黑松土"腐殖酸Ⅲ型土壤调理剂在干旱半干旱区域对土壤理化性状的改良效应,及其对苹果产量与品质的提升作用,明确该调理剂在麦积区苹果园的最佳施用配比与技术模式.[方法]2024年—2025年在天水市麦积区马跑泉镇碉堡梁村花牛苹果园开展土肥试验.通过设置3个处理组(常规施肥CK、调理剂+常规施肥、调理剂+腐殖酸有机无机肥+功能包),系统分析不同处理对果园土壤养分含量、苹果产量及品质指标的影响.[结果]处理3亩(667 m2)施土壤调理剂Ⅲ型40 kg+腐殖酸有机无机肥(10-5-20)50 kg+功能包20 kg的组合效果最优,土壤有机质含量较试验前提升86.8%,有效磷增幅达179.64%,碱解氮提升139.17%,速效钾增加54.38%;苹果亩(667 m2)产量达2 037.2 kg,较CK增产18.26%;苹果果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖及维生素C含量分别较CK提升22.72%、25.15%、21.26%和21.26%,可滴定酸降低20.00%.[结论]处理3的配比在改良土壤结构、提升养分供应能力的同时,实现了苹果产量与品质的协同提升,可以生产中推广应用.研究结果为麦积区干旱环境下苹果园提质增效、化肥减量增效提供了科学依据与技术支撑.
[Objective]To investigate the improvement effect of"Heisongtu"Humic Acid Type Ⅲ Soil Conditioner on soil physical and chemical properties in arid and semi-arid regions,as well as its enhancing effect on apple yield and quality,and to clarify the optimal application ratio and technical mode of this conditioner in apple orchards in Maiji District.[Methods]A fixed-position field experiment was conducted in Diaobaoliang Village,Mapaoquan Town,Maiji District,Tianshui City from 2024 to 2025.Three treatment groups were set up,namely conventional fertilization(CK),soil conditioner combined with conventional fertilization,and soil conditioner combined with humic acid organic-inorganic fertilizer and functional package.The effects of different treatments on soil nutrient contents,apple yield and quality indicators were systematically analyzed.[Re-sults]The combined application scheme,i.e.,applying 40 kg of Soil Conditioner Type Ⅲ,50 kg of humic acid organic-inor-ganic fertilizer(10-5-20)and 20 kg of functional package per 3 mu of orchard(667 m2),yielded the optimal effect.Com-pared with the pre-experiment level,the soil organic matter content increased by 86.8%,available phosphorus content rose by 179.64%,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content increased by 139.17%,and available potassium content grew by 54.38%.The apple yield reached 2 037.2 kg per mu,representing an increase of 18.26%compared with the CK group.In terms of fruit quality,compared with the CK group,the fruit firmness,soluble solids content,soluble sugar content and vitamin C content increased by 22.72%,25.15%,21.26%and 21.26%respectively,while the titratable acid content decreased by 20.00%.[Conclusion]The application ratio of Treatment 3 improves soil structure and enhances nutrient supply capacity,while achie-ving the synergistic improvement of both apple yield and quality,and thus is suitable for popularization and application in actual production.The research results provide scientific basis and technical support for the quality and efficiency improvement,as well as fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase of apple orchards under arid conditions in Maiji District.
靳卫
天水市麦积区农业技术推广中心,甘肃 天水 741020
农业科技
苹果腐殖酸土壤调理剂土壤养分产量品质
applehumic acid soil conditionersoil nutrientsyieldquality
《果树资源学报》 2026 (2)
39-43,5
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