从市场主导到国家回归:英国斯塔默政府能源安全战略转型与挑战OACHSSCD

When the Starmer-led Labor government assumed office in July 2024,the UK's energy security strategy underwent its most significant paradigm shift since the privatization era,marking a transition from a market-driven diversification model to a state-interventionist approach focused on domestic energy independence.By restricting oil and gas development in the North Sea,establishing the Great British Energy,and setting a 2030 clean power target,the new administration has sought to address such triple challenges as geopolitical fragility,intensifying global competition in green industries,and domestic pressures related to living standards and governance,while pursuing and acquiring national energy autonomy.However,the implementation of this state-backed energy governance model is constrained by deep-seated structural barriers including outdated energy systems and infrastructure,paradox in localizing supply chains,fiscal limitations and investment shortfalls,and emerging geopolitical risks.The Starmer government's energy security policy is poised not only to reshape the UK's domestic energy landscape but also to generate significant spillover effects on European and global energy markets.Moreover,it is likely to reconfigure Sino-UK energy relations into a new competitive and cooperative dynamic,characterized by the coexistence of geopolitical containment and industrial interdependence.