紫云英绿肥还田对水稻产量和肥料利用率的影响OA

To explore the effects of green manure incorporation into soil on rice yield and fertilizer use efficiency,a field experiment was conducted in Longshan County,Hunan Province from 2023 to 2024,with Astragalus sinicus cv.Anzi 3 as the green manure and rice cv.Jingyou 312 as the test material.The experiment was designed with 2 main plots:green manure incorporation zone(MV)and non-green manure incorporation zone,adopting a randomized block design.Each main plot was set with four treatments,namely nitrogen-free treatment(PK),phosphorus-free treatment(NK),potassium-free treatment(NP)and NPK combined application treatment(NPK).The agronomic traits(e.g.,plant height),dry matter weights of straw and grain,rice yield and yield components were determined for each treatment,and the fertilizer use efficiency was calculated.The results showed that in terms of agronomic traits,under the same fertilization condition,the panicle length,basal stem diameter,and flag leaf length of rice in the green manure incorporation treatments were all higher than those in the non-green manure incorporation treatments.In terms of dry matter weight,except for the NK treatment,the straw dry matter weight,grain dry matter weight and aboveground dry matter weight of rice at maturity stage in the green manure incorporation treatments were higher than those in the non-green manure incorporation treatments under the same fertilization condition.In terms of yield and yield components,under the same fertilization condition,the number of grains per panicle,total spikelet number of rice in the green manure incorporation treatments were all higher than those in the non-green manure incorporation treatments;the rice yields of MV+PK,MV+NK,MV+NP and MV+NPK treatments were increased by 2.75%,1.41%,5.12%and 7.69%compared with PK,NK,NP and NPK treatments,respectively.In terms of fertilizer use efficiency,compared with the NPK treatment,the agronomic use efficiencies of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilizers in the MV+NPK treatment were increased by 2.5,5.5 and 1.9 kg/kg,respectively,and the partial factor productivities were increased by 3.3,6.6 and 4.4 kg/kg,respectively;the recovery efficiencies of N and K fertilizers were increased by 3.4 and 2.6 percentage points,respectively.In conclusion,green manure incorporation can replace the role of partial chemical fertilizers,promote rice growth,improve rice yield and fertilizer use efficiency.