睾丸精子冻融后的培养时长对卵胞质内单精子注射胚胎质量和临床妊娠结局的影响OA

Objective To investigate the impact of culture duration of thawed testicular sperm on the embryos quality following intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)and clinical pregnancy outcomes.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 132 couples with azoospermia who underwent testicular sperm extraction followed by ICSI at our center between January 2020 and December 2024.Among them,44 patients used frozen-thawed testicular sperm for ICSI and were divided into two groups based on thawing time:the conventional group(thawed on the day of oocyte retrieval,n=19)and the overnight group(thawed on the afternoon preceding oocyte retrieval,n=25).The remaining 88 patients who used fresh testicular sperm for ICSI served as the control group.Fertilization and embryonic development,number of embryos transferred,and clinical pregnancy outcomes were compared among the three groups.Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the influence of male and female factors on clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in the overnight group.Results No statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of the number of oocytes retrieved,total fertilization rate,normal fertilization rate,high-quality embryo rate,or blastocyst formation rate(all P＞0.05).Similarly,there were no significant differences in the number of embryos transferred,implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate,live birth rate,or miscarriage rate(all P＞0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the female body mass index had an impact on the clinical pregnancy rate(P＜0.05),while the duration of infertility influenced both the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate(both P＜0.01).In the overnight group,the ages of both partners,the male body mass index,the type of infertility,and the female anti-Müllerian hormone level showed no significant effects on either the clinical pregnancy rate or the live birth rate(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Extended post-thaw culture of testicular sperm does not negatively affect clinical pregnancy outcomes;rather,it appears to support embryonic development.Therefore,prolonging the culture duration of frozen-thawed testicular sperm holds practical clinical value and is worthy of broader application.