外源植物调节剂对云南烤烟上部叶开片及品质的影响OA
Influence of Exogenous Plant Regulators on Expansion and Quality of Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco in Yunnan Province
为解决云南烤烟上部叶开片不良、品质偏低的问题,以'云烟87'为试验材料,在德宏、丽江2地开展田间试验,探究氯吡脲(KT)、玉米素(ZT)、油菜素内酯(BR)3种外源调节剂及不同浓度、喷施时间对上部叶开片及品质的影响.结果显示:(1)喷施时间以打顶当天最优,显著优于打顶后7 d;(2)单剂处理效果优于复配处理,其中20 mg/L KT促开片效果最佳,德宏试验区叶片长、宽分别较对照增加了 9.85％～32.90％、23.34％～41.27％,丽江试验区叶面积比对照(清水)增加了 16.27％～31.30％;(3)外观评价方面,10 mg/L KT＞20 mg/L KT＞1 mg/L BR＞0.5 mg/LBR,加权总分分别比对照提高了 2.19％、3.28％、3.28％和1.82％,尤其在油分和色度上表现突出;(4)感官质量评价方面,1 mg/LBR＞20 mg/L KT＞10mg/LKT＞0.5 mg/L BR,与对照相比,加权总分分别提高了 11.17％、10.18％、5.73％和0.99％;(5)化学成分方面,最优处理的烟碱、总糖、钾氯比等指标均在适宜范围,KT处理可降低烟碱含量3.80％～15.50％,减轻上部叶劲头.综上,打顶当天喷施20 mg/LKT(促开片)或1 mg/L BR(提品质)为云南烤烟上部叶优质生产的最优方案,本研究可为提高烤烟上部叶片产量和品质提供借鉴.
To address the issues of inadequate expansion and low quality of upper leaves in Yunnan flue-cured tobacco,field experiments were conducted using'Yunyan 87'as the test material in Dehong and Lijiang.The effects of three exogenous regulators,forchlorfenuron(KT),zeatin(ZT),and brassinolide(BR),as well as their concentrations and application timings on the expansion and quality of upper leaves were investigated.The results showed that:(1)application on the day of topping was optimal,significantly superior to application 7 days after topping;(2)single-agent treatments were more effective than combined treatments,with 20 mg/L KT showing the best promoting effect on leaf expansion.In Dehong,the leaf length and width increased by 9.85％-32.90％and 23.34％-41.27％,respectively,compared to the control.In Lijiang,the leaf area increased by 16.27％-31.30％compared to the control(water);(3)regarding appearance quality,the order of effectiveness was 10 mg/L KT＞20 mg/L KT＞1 mg/L BR＞0.5 mg/L BR,with weighted total scores increasing by 2.19％,3.28％,3.28％,and 1.82％,respectively,compared to the control,particularly in terms of oil content and color intensity;(4)for sensory quality,the order was 1 mg/L BR＞20 mg/L KT＞10 mg/L KT＞0.5 mg/L BR,with weighted total scores increasing by 11.17％,10.18％,5.73％,and 0.99％,respectively,compared to the control;(5)in terms of chemical composition,the optimal treatments resulted in nicotine,total sugar,and potassium-to-chlorine ratio within appropriate ranges.KT treatments reduced nicotine content by 3.80％-15.50％,mitigating the strength of upper leaves.In conclusion,applying 20 mg/L KT(to promote leaf expansion)or 1 mg/L BR(to improve quality)on the day of topping is the optimal approaches for high-quality production of upper leaves in Yunnan flue-cured tobacco.This study provides a reference for enhancing the yield and quality of upper leaves in flue-cured tobacco.
杨世波;董庆;沈嘉;汪季涛;朱一帆;吴会平;余达文;滕世华;和旺伟;万静;段恒曦;祖朝龙
云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所,合肥 230031安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所,合肥 230031安徽中烟工业有限责任公司,合肥 230000安徽中烟工业有限责任公司,合肥 230000云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000云南香料烟有限责任公司,云南保山 678000安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所,合肥 230031
农业科技
外源植物调节剂氯吡脲玉米素油菜素内酯上部叶烤烟开片产量品质
exogenous plant regulatorsforchlorfenuronzeatinbrassinolideupper leavesflue-cured tobaccoexpansionyieldquality
《中国农学通报》 2026 (1)
12-19,8
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