2017-2023年162例猫膀胱结石病例回顾性分析OA

To analyze the epidemiology and risk factors associated with feline bladder uroliths,a retrospective study was conducted on 162 cases of feline bladder uroliths presented to the China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between January 2017 and December 2023.The analysis included stone composition,patient characteristics,disease-associated risk factors,and postoperative follow-up outcomes.Stone composition analysis was performed in 142 cases,among which struvite(64.79%,92/142)and calcium oxalate(23.94%,34/142)were the two most prevalent types.The mean age at diagnosis was 4.81±3.14 years,and the mean body weight was 4.70±1.23 kg.Male cats accounted for 64.81%(105/162)of cases and females for 35.19%(57/162);among them,70.48%(74/105)of males were neutered and 63.16%(36/57)of females were spayed.British shorthair cats were the most commonly affected breed(30.86%,50/162).Compared with British shorthairs,American shorthairs and Siamese cats had a significantly lower risk of struvite uroliths(P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were observed among other breeds with respect to calcium oxalate risk(P>0.05).The main clinical signs included hematuria,pollakiuria,and urinary obstruction,and no significant differences in case numbers were observed among seasons(P=0.798).Risk factor analysis showed that female sex(P<0.001)and intact reproductive status(P<0.05)were risk factors for struvite uroliths;increasing age was associated with a lower risk of struvite formation(P<0.001),whereas higher body weight was associated with a higher risk(P<0.01).In contrast,male sex(P<0.01)and neutered/spayed status(P<0.05)were risk factors for calcium oxalate uroliths,and the risk increased with age(P<0.001).Postoperative follow-up ranging from 359 to 2 513 days revealed a recurrence rate of 20.13%(30/149).In conclusion,struvite is the most common component of feline bladder stones.The occurrence of struvite and calcium oxalate uroliths in cats is associated with age,sex,neuter status,and body weight.Identification of these risk factors may help clinicians recognize high-risk cats and implement appropriate preventive or therapeutic strategies.