中医药治疗糖尿病视网膜病变作用机制的研究进展OA

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes,severely affecting patients'vision.In recent years,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has shown unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of DR through its multi-target and holistic regulatory effects.This paper reviews the mechanisms of TCM in the prevention and treat-ment of DR from four aspects:Anti-inflammatory,antioxidant stress,modulation of gut microbiota,and downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression.It was found that mul-tiple TCM monomers and classic formulas can effectively delay the progression of DR,and play a synergistic role in improving retinal microcirculation,regulating blood glucose,and lipids.It is pointed out that TCM,through the therapeutic principles of"activating blood circulation and re-moving blood stasis"and"tonifying Qi and nourishing Yin",exerts a multi-pathway synergistic ef-fect,showing unique clinical value in the prevention and treatment of DR.However,practical chal-lenges remain,including inconsistent TCM syndromes,weak mechanistic research,and lack of ob-jective evaluation systems.Future efforts should focus on integrating TCM and Western Medicine,establishing standardized diagnosis and treatment protocols,and further exploring the mechanisms of TCM to promote the precision and systematic development of DR prevention and treatment.