枯草芽孢杆菌BS-1菌株作用机理初探及防效评价OA

Grape anthracnose,caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,is one of the most serious diseases affecting grape production.Biological control has emerged as a key strategy for managing this pathogen.Bacillus subtilis BS-1 exhibits strong antagonistic activity against C.gloeosporioides.To elucidate its mode of action and evaluate its field performance,we assessed the inhibitory effects of BS-1 on the mycelial growth and spore morphology of C.gloeosporioides,quantified chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities in its fermentation broth,and conducted field trials against grape anthracnose.The results demonstrated that strain BS-1 strongly inhibits C.gloeosporioides,producing an inhibition zone of 10.1 mm.The fungal pathogen failed to grow normally in BS-1 fermentation broth,with spores showing constriction and hyphae exhibiting swelling and abnormal morphology.Biochemical assays confirmed that BS-1 secretes chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase during fermentation.These findings indicate that the antifungal mechanism involves degradation of the pathogen cell wall by these enzymes,leading to growth inhibition.In field trials,the fermentation broth of BS-1 provided effective control of grape anthracnose,with an average efficacy ranging from 64.17％to 75.04％.In conclusion,B.subtilis BS-1 demonstrates strong potential for development as a biocontrol agent against grape anthracnose.