同步TMS-EEG技术在心理学研究中的应用OACHSSCD

Transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalography(TMS-EEG)is a technique that synchronously integrates transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalographic recording.It allows the capture of instantaneous neurophysiological responses evoked by stimulation and enables the implementation of state-dependent,precisely timed brain interventions guided by real-time neural monitoring.Over the past decade,TMS-EEG has become a crucial approach for neurophysiological assessment,causal neural mechanisms,and closed-loop brain modulation.Yet these three application modes differ substantially in their underlying mechanisms and methodological frameworks,and a systematic synthesis remains lacking.This review surveys relevant research from the past decade,organized along three thematic lines—neural assessment,mechanistic elucidation,and closed-loop modulation.We clarify the fundamental principles and operational mechanisms of each mode and summarize representative empirical findings.Finally,we highlight current challenges and outline future research directions,aiming to provide clear theoretical reference and practical guidance for researchers employing synchronous TMS-EEG in cognitive and clinical neuroscience.