全球矿产资源治理新格局及中国参与路径探索OACHSSCD

Global mineral resource governance is a complex system that underpins modern industrial civilization and the energy transition.Centered on the international institutional framework,it integrates multilateral rule coordination,market collaboration,and geopolitical competition,aiming to achieve a balance of rights and responsibilities in resource development,enhance supply chain resilience,and promote sustainable development.This paper systematically reviews the four stages of the historical evolution of global mineral resource governance,analyzes the current complex governance pattern interwind by institutions,market,and geopolitics,and reveals the main challenges:intensified supply chain concentration that exacerbates energy transition risk,deepening technological barriers,regionalized capital flows,escalating competition for control over strategic resources,diverging paths of global energy transition,and imbalanced resource distribution with"consumption in the West,pollution in the South,and shortage in the East".In response to the multi-dimensional challenges China faces,including pressure from rule-making systems predominantly shaped by individual major powers,the wavering policies of resource-rich countries,the lackluster governance of international organizations,and the dominance of transnational capital in pricing power,this paper proposes four strategic paths for breaking through,namely institutional innovation,technological innovation,equity and interests protection,and strengthening fundamental capabilities,so as to promote a fair and sustainable transformation of global governance.