化肥配施黄腐酸叶面肥对夏玉米产量和品质的影响OA

The study aimed to explore the rational application of industrial by-product fulvic acid as a fertilizer in combination with nitrogen fertilizer in summer maize,and to provide scientific and theoretical basis for the resource utilization of industrial by-product fulvic acid.Summer maize variety'He Lian 1589'was used as the test material for pot experiments.The experiment was conducted with five concentrations of humic acid foliar fertilizer:equal amount of clear water(CK),200 mg/L(F1),400 mg/L(F2),600 mg/L(F3),and 800 mg/L(F4).For each treatment,the amount of chemical fertilizers was applied according to N 0.20 g/kg,P2O5 0.10 g/kg,and K2O 0.05 g/kg.Spraying was conducted 40 d after transplantation.The plant height,stem diameter and chlorophyll content were measured 1 d before spraying and 10,25 and 40 d after spraying,respectively.The activities of key enzymes in nitrogen metabolism were determined 25 d after spraying.The yield components,nutrient contents in different parts,and quality indicators were measured after harvest.The results showed that for the physiological indicators of summer maize,the F2 treatment had significantly higher plant height,stem diameter,and chlorophyll content than the CK treatment by 15.14%,9.84%,and 10.02%,respectively.In addition,the activities of four key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism in the leaves of summer maize increased first and then decreased with the increase of fulvic acid foliar fertilizer concentration.Among them,the activity of glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase in the F2 treatment was 18.22%and 12.78%higher than that in the CK treatment,respectively.In terms of yield components,the F2 treatment had significant differences from the CK treatment in fruit ear length,ear diameter,number of ears per plant,number of grains per ear,number of grains per fruit ear,and 100-grain weight.For nutrient contents in different parts,the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium contents in the grains of the F2 treatment were 34.09%,76.27%,and 40.00%higher than those of the CK treatment,respectively.In terms of quality,with the increase of fulvic acid foliar fertilizer concentration,the starch,oil content,soluble sugar content,and six protein contents in summer maize grains showed a low-concentration-promoting and high-concentration-inhibiting pattern.Among them,the starch and soluble sugar contents in the F2 treatment were significantly increased by 4.25%and 40.92%compared with the CK treatment,respectively.Overall,when the fertilizer fulvic acid concentration was 400 mg/L,the application effect of summer maize was the best.