养分优化综合管理对辣椒产量及土壤酸化的影响OA

Excessive nitrogen application was a common issue in vegetable production,leading not only to low fertilizer use efficiency but also to soil acidification,which in turn affects crop yield.Therefore,it was urgent to explore effective ways to prevent and control soil acidification in vegetable fields.Focused on acidic soils in Jiangxi province,this study conducted a 2-year field experiment to examine how the agricultural benefit,economic benefit,and soil properties were affected by different treatments at the pepper harvest stage.The treatments included conventional fertilization(CK),nitrogen reduction by 30%(T1),nitrogen reduction by 30%+new type of nitrogen fertilizer(T2),nitrogen reduction by 30%+new type of nitrogen fertilizer+biochar(T3),nitrogen reduction by 30%+new type of nitrogen fertilizer+30%N substitution with commercial organic fertilizer(T4),nitrogen reduction by 30%+new type of nitrogen fertilizer+30%N substitution with commercial organic fertilizer+crop population configuration+soil conditioner(T5).In both 2023 and 2024,the pepper yield in the T5 treatment was 23.3 and 22.2 t/hm2,representing increases of by 47%and 40%,compared to CK;The economic benefits were 98500 and 92000 Yuan/hm2,the soil nitrogen surplus decreased by 39.29%and 76.61%,respectively,and the soil pH increased by 0.91-1.39 units over the two years,compared to CK.The exchangeable aluminum treatment were decreased by 75.0%in 2023 and by 61.1%in 2024,respectively,while the exchangeable acid content were decreased by 69.4%and 57.1%,respectively.The soil acid-base buffer capacity were increased significantly to 41.1 and 44.6 mmol/kg,and the total soil acidification rate were decreased by 324.5%and 717.2%,respectively.However,the exchange capacity of soil salt-based ions and cations in the T5 treatment did not show significant improvement compared to CK.In summary,the optimized integrated nutrient management strategy,which involved a new fertilizer with partial of nitrogen replacement by organic fertilizer,combined with crop population optimization and soil conditioner,could significantly improve soil acidity and nutrient status,increase pepper yield,reduce nutrient surplus,and generate the greatest economic benefits.This approach could provide technical support for the green production of vegetables on acidic soils.