陕西省松材线虫病发生历程与防控策略研究OA

The pine forest area in Shaanxi Province covers 1.4307 million ha(89％concentrated in three cities in southern Shaanxi).Pine wilt disease(PWD)in Shaanxi caused by the invasive pine-wood nematode(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)was first detected in Zhashui County,Shangluo City,in 2009.Its progression can be divided into three phases:2009-2017(Initial Stage):3-5 fluctuating infected areas;2018-2021(Expansion Stage):Infected areas increased to 25;2022-Present(Contain-ment Stage):By 2025,infected areas were reduced to 19,with no new reports in the province for four consecutive years and Xi'an remaining disease-free for four years.Significant control achievements have been made.By 2025,the number of infected areas decreased by 24％compared to 2021,and in-fection spots dropped by 36％.The number of dead pine trees declined from 283,500 in 2021 to 107,900 in 2023,a reduction of over 38％.A multi-dimensional control strategy has been implemented:Regarding policy,regulations were issued,establishing a"Province-City-County-Township"responsi-bility mechanism and a"Three Preventions and Two Clearances"approach.From technical perspec-tives,a"sky-ground integrated"monitoring system was developed,incorporating AI detection and rapid testing technologies.From the regional collaboration perspectives,a Cross-provincial joint pre-vention mechanisms and a Qinling Mountain control barrier were established.Regarding management,innovative mechanisms for infected wood disposal were promoted.From 2021 to 2023,central and provincial governments invested 362 million yuan and trained specialized teams.Current challenges in-elude technical bottlenecks in remote mountainous areas and insufficient interprovincial data sharing.Future efforts should focus on strengthening professional teams,advancing digital and intelligent con-trol,and striving to establish a"Shaanxi Model"for PWD management.