准格尔旗华富矿区排土场生态修复效果研究OA

To evaluate the ecological restoration effects of the mine waste dump,this study focused on the slope of the waste dump in the Huafu Mining Area of Jungar Banner,comparing and analyzing the characteristics of plant communities and soil chemical properties before and after restoration.The re-sults showed that:(1)In terms of vegetation composition,the original vegetation outside the mining area consisted of 38 species from 25 genera and 15 families,while the vegetation inside the mining area before restoration consisted of 23 species from 21 genera and 11 families,and after restoration,it con-sisted of 5 species from 5 genera and 3 families,with herbaceous plants dominating in all cases;(2)Regarding diversity indices,after restoration,the Shannon diversity index,Simpson diversity index,and Margalef richness index all decreased significantly(P＜0.05),while the Pielou evenness index showed no significant difference;(3)In terms of soil properties,after restoration,the contents of nickel and zinc in the soil decreased significantly(P＜0.05),the contents of lead,mercury,and arse-nic decreased slightly but not significantly,and the organic matter content increased significantly(P＜0.05);(4)In terms of community similarity and stability,the Jaccard similarity index between the communities before and after restoration was 0.401(moderately dissimilar),and the ecosystem stabil-ity index before restoration(6.3283)was higher than that after restoration(2.5495),indicating an o-verall weak recovery capacity.This study indicates that although the ecological restoration of the waste dump in the Huafu Mining Area has improved some soil indicators,vegetation diversity has not yet been enhanced,and ecosystem stability remains insufficient.Subsequent efforts should focus on optimizing vegetation configuration and strengthening long-term monitoring to provide scientific ref-erences for ecological restoration in mining areas.