ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸促肠上皮细胞增殖效应与分子机制OA

The proliferation of small intestinal epithelial cells is fundamental to intestinal development and barrier function maintenance in infants and young children.To investigate the effects and mechanisms of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)),commonly used in infant formula,on this process,this study employed the rat intestinal epithelial cell line 6(IEC-6)as a model.After DHA and EPA treatment at different combinations of concentration(1,10,50,100 μmol/L)and duration 12,24,36,48 h,cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays,and the mRNA and protein expression of key molecules involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were analyzed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.The results showed that both DHA and EPA significantly promoted the proliferation of IEC-6 cells,with optimal concentrations of 100 and 10 μmol/L,respectively,and an optimal treatment duration of 24 h.Specifically,treatment with 100 μmol/L DHA and 10 μmol/L EPA for 24 h increased cell viability by nearly 4-and 3.5-fold compared to the control group(P<0.001),respectively.Both DHA and EPA activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,significantly upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of cell proliferation-related genes such as cyclin D1 and β-catenin(P<0.05,P<0.01,or P<0.001).These findings indicate that DHA and EPA enhance intestinal epithelial cell proliferation by activating the Wnt signaling pathway.