2020-2024年广东省佛山市木质家具制造行业职业卫生管理现状与噪声危害变化趋势OA

[Background]As a traditional labor-intensive industry,the wooden furniture manufacturing sector has been facing significant occupational health hazards,notably noise exposure. [Objective]To understand the current status of occupational health management and workplace noise monitoring in the wooden furniture manufacturing industry in Foshan City of Guangzhou Province over the past five years(2020-2024),to clarify the exposure level of occupational noise hazards in this industry,the implementation of prevention and control measures,and their dy-namic changing trends,and to provid a reference basis for formulating and optimizing targeted occupational health supervision strategies. [Methods]By judgment sampling method,381 wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises in Foshan City from 2020 to 2024 were selected.Through document review,on-site investigation,and on-site testing,the basic information of the enterprise,key indicators of occupational health management(declaration of projects with occupational disease hazards,occupa-tional health training,the setting and effect of occupational disease prevention facilities,the allocation and use of personal protective equipment,occupational health examinations,etc.)and monitoring data of noise intensity in the workplace were systematically collect-ed.Descriptive statistical analysis was adopted to present the characteristics of enterprises and various indicators,and trend tests were used for dynamic changes of occupational health management indicators and noise intensity monitoring results between each year. [Results]Among the 381 enterprises,small and micro enterprises accounted for 94.0％(358/381),the overall occupational hazard exposure rate of workers was 56.7％(15199/26798),and the noise exposure rate was 45.6％(12 221/26798).The report rate of projects with oc-cupational disease hazards was 100％,the occupational health training rate of exposed workers was 69.6％,the setting rate and effective-ness rate of noise prevention facilities were 24.9％and 95.8％respectively,the distribution rate and effective wearing rate of noise pro-tection earplugs/earmuffs were 77.6％and 87.1％respectively,and the rate of occupational health examinations for noise-exposed workers and the abnormal rate were 55.4％and 2.5％respectively.The trend analysis results showed that the rates of occupational health train-ing,setting and effectiveness of noise prevention facilities,distribution and effective wearing of noise protection earplugs/earmuffs,oc-cupational health examinations for noise-exposed workers,and abnormal health examination results all showed an overall upward trend(P values were all＜0.05).The proportion of workplace noise intensity greater than 85 dB(A)and the rate of noise exceeding standards at work positions both showed an overall upward trend(P values were both＜0.01). [Conclusion]During the period from 2020 to 2024,the occupational health management in the wooden furniture manufacturing industry in Foshan City has achieved certain positive progress,particularly in areas such as the installation of protective facilities,the use of personal protective equipment,and the implementation of occupational health examinations.However,workplace noise hazards have not been effectively controlled.Moving forward,regulatory efforts must consolidate existing management achievements while strengthening mandatory requirements and support for the technical transformation of high-noise processes and the widespread adoption of noise re-duction facilities.This approach is essential to fundamentally curb occupational noise hazards.