河西灌区玉米产量和品质对不同覆膜方式的响应OA
Response of Maize Yield and Quality to Different Mulching Methods in the Hexi Irrigation Areas
探究覆膜方式对玉米农艺性状、产量和籽粒品质的影响,实现"增产、提质、增效"的目标,突破当前西北灌区田间作物生产研究的难点.通过分析不施肥不覆膜、施肥不覆膜、施肥条膜覆盖和施肥全膜覆盖 4个处理下,玉米产量及构成要素和籽粒品质方面的变化及相关性.结果表明,地膜覆盖可显著提高产量构成要素,施肥全膜覆盖处理方式对产量的提升效果显著,较不施肥不覆膜处理增产 114.56%,其籽粒粗蛋白产量、脂肪产量和淀粉产量分别较不施肥不覆膜处理提高 149.39%、127.64%和108.52%;施肥条膜覆盖较不施肥不覆膜处理增产 112.86%,其籽粒粗蛋白产量、脂肪产量和淀粉产量分别较不施肥不覆膜处理提高 142.13%、133.52%和 108.61%.施肥不覆膜处理和施肥地膜覆盖处理均能通过提高玉米株高、茎粗、穗粗等农艺性状,改善籽粒品质,促进玉米产量的提高,综合考虑产量及环境效益,认为施肥条膜覆盖处理即可实现区域玉米高产优质.
This study investigated the effects of different mulching methods on maize agronomic traits,yield,and grain quality,aiming to achieve increased yield,improved quality,and enhanced production efficiency,and to address key challenges in field crop production research in irrigated areas of Northwest China.4 treatments were evaluated,i.e.,no fertilization without mulching,fertilization without mulching,fertilization with strip mulching,and fertilization with full mulching,variations and correlations in maize yield and its components as well as grain quality were analyzed among treatments.Results showed that plastic mulching significantly improved yield components,fertilization with full mulching had the most pronounced effect on yield,in which the yield was increased by 114.56%compared with that in no fertilization without mulching,grain crude protein yield,ether extract yield,and starch yield were increased by 149.39%,127.64%,and 108.52%,respectively compared with those in no fertilization without mulching.Fertilization with strip mulching increased yield by 112.86%compared with that in no fertilization without mulching,while grain crude protein yield,ether extract yield,and starch yield were increased by 142.13%,133.52%,and 108.61%,respectively compared with those in no fertilization without mulching.Both fertilization without mulching and fertilization with plastic mulching improved maize yield by enhancing agronomic traits such as plant height,stem diameter,and ear diameter,thereby improving grain quality.Considering yield performance and environmental benefits comprehensively,fertilization with strip mulching was identified as an effective approach for achieving high-yield and high-quality maize production in the region.
彭海红;王蓉;王正
甘肃省农业科学院张掖节水农业试验站,甘肃 张掖 734000甘肃省农业科学院张掖节水农业试验站,甘肃 张掖 734000甘肃省农业科学院张掖节水农业试验站,甘肃 张掖 734000
农业科技
玉米产量品质地膜覆盖方式绿洲灌区
MaizeYieldQualityMulching methodOasis Irrigation Area
《寒旱农业科学》 2026 (1)
33-37,5
甘肃省农业科学院应用示范项目(2023GAAS33).
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