功能性磁共振成像与光学成像集成在精神疾病高风险人群筛查中的应用前景OA

Objective:This study aims to explore the effectiveness of integrating functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)and functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)in screening high-risk populations for mental disorders,providing a reliable scientific basis for the early intervention of these conditions.Methods:We recruited 60 participants from families with a history of mental disorders and 60 healthy controls,all aged 18～35.fMRI was used to assess the spatial resolution of brain activity,combined with fNIRS to monitor changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin(HbO)in the prefrontal cortex,thus evaluating the intensity of brain activity.Various methods,including functional connectivity strength(FCS)analysis,independent component analysis(ICA),and small-world property analysis,were used to detect changes in connectivity between different brain regions in high-risk individuals.Results:The integrated imaging approach successfully identified specific brain functional network abnormalities in high-risk individuals,particularly changes in connectivity within the default mode network(DMN)and executive control network(ECN).Compared to the healthy control group,the high-risk group displayed differences in prefrontal cortex activation during cognitive tasks,as well as a significant reduction in the synchronicity of bilateral cortical HbO signals.Conclusion:The integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging technology shows great potential in the early screening of high-risk populations for mental disorders,providing a reliable basis for early intervention.Further development of this method may offer effective tools for clinical screening and early diagnosis.