基于RNA切割型DNAzyme的肿瘤标志物检测技术研究进展OA

Tumor markers are biologically active substances abnormally produced or released by tu-mor cells or the host body in response to the presence of a tumor.These primarily include proteins,nucleic acids,circulating tumor cells(CTCs),small extracellular vesicles(sEVs),and metabo-lites,which can be detected in blood,body fluids,or tissues.The tumor markers typically exist at low concentrations,particularly during the early stages of cancer development.Therefore,highly sensitive and accurate detection technologies play a significant role in the early screening,therapeu-tic effect monitoring and prognosis assessment,recurrence warning,and precision medicine of can-cer.RNA-cleaving DNAzyme is a bifunctional nuclease with both molecular recognition and catalytic cleavage.This unique property makes them highly promising for the precise detection of trace or ultra-trace levels of tumor biomarkers.This article provides a systematic review of the working principles of RNA-cleaving DNAzyme,with a focused analysis of their applications and recent advances in tumor biomarker detection.Furthermore,it comprehensively summarizes research progress in multiplexed tumor marker detection using RNA-cleaving DNAzyme,particularly highlighting their integration with microfluidic chips,microarray platforms,and point-of-care testing(POCT)systems.Finally,the review offers perspectives on future research directions and potential clinical applications of these catalytic nucleic acids.